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How to Buy 
IRON and STEEL 
MATERIALS 



A FEW SUGGESTIONS TO THOSE 
INTERESTED IN THE PURCHAS- 
ING OF IRON AND STEEL 



Price $1.00 



Export Department 

HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY 

Incorporated 

General Offices: New York, N. Y. 

Branch: Pittsburgh, Pa. 






^1^ A./-y, 



n 



AUG 23 !9I8 



'Ci.An(IJ544 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

INTRODUCTION 
STEEL AND IRON PRODUCTS 



BEFORE entering into the description and definition of 
the many materials made of various grades of iron 
and steel, it is essential to make a brief mention of a 
few things of paramount importance to those not fully convers- 
ant with the physical and chemical properties of steel as applied 
to articles manufactured for structural, engineering and machin- 
ery purposes. 

Generally speaking, steel is divided into two classes, that is: 
Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel. 

Carbon Steel is the common commercial grade, the properties 
of which depend mainly on the percentage of carbon it contains, 
together with the percentage of such other metals and metaloids 
as: Manganese, Phosphorus, Silicon and Sulphur. 

Alloy Steel shows, besides carbon, a certain proportion of such 
alloys as: Nickel, Chromium, Tungsten, Manganese, Vanadium, 
etc., all of which have their effect upon the hardness, strength 
and toughness of the steel. 

Ordinary Commercial or Carbon Steel is designated in the mar, 
ket under various names, such as, "Mild or Soft," "Medium,' 
"Hard" Steel, etc., but the following are recognized official trade 
names for Steel: 

{A) "Mild or Soft Bessemer Steel" showing carbon not over 

15%. 

"Mild or Soft Open Hearth Steel" with carbon not over 

25%. 

"Dead Soft Open Hearth Steel" with not over 15% car- 
bon. 

{B) "Medium Grade Steel" used for structural purposes show- 
ing Carbon from 0.30 to 0,40, with tensile strength from 
60,000 to 70,000 lbs. 

(C) "Hard Steel" shows carbon from .40 to .60 with tensile 
strength from 70,000 to 90,000 lbs., per square inch. 

In Steel specifications and quotations one will very frequently 
find such terms as: "tensile strength" or "ultimate strength," 
"Elastic limit or yield point," and "Elongation," all of which are 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

intended to designate certain properties required in steel for one 
purpose or another. These are known and designated as the 
physical properties of steel, all of which stand in direct proportion 
to the chemical analysis of the steel, so much so, that even a lay- 
man can determine one by the other, that is: tell the physical 
properties by the chemical analysis in the absence of the former, 
and vice versa. 

km 

Much unnecessary cabling and the resulting annoyance and 
loss of time and money could be saved by our friends abroad by 
the careful study of the chemical analysis and physical prop- 
erties of steel and their application. 

Tensile Strength means the maximum number of pounds per 
square inch required to pull apart a specimen. 

Elastic Limit or Yield Point means the point where the applied 
stress begins to produce a permanent elongation; up to that point 
the metal will yield slightly, but when the load is removed will 
return to its original length. 

Elongation means the percentage of stretch or elongation in a 
given test piece, which is almost universally taken to be eight 
mches, except for special tests. 

Reduction of area means the percentage of reduction from the 
original section area of sample where it is drawn down in the 
action of pulling apart. The greater the percentage of reduction 
of area and of elongation, the better the steel. 

As the carbon in steel increases the Elongation decreases, and 
the Tensile Strength increases. Each point or each one-hundreth 
of one percent of carbon increases the Tensile Strength nearly one 
thousand pounds. Therefore, taking 35,000 pounds of Tensile 
Strength for the lowest percentage of carbon steel made, say 
0.05 to 0.08, you can easily determine or estimate the carbon 
the steel must contain in order to have any specified tensile 
strength, or, on the other hand, you can figure out the tensile 
strength of the steel if you are given only the chemical analysis 
showing the percentage of carbon. 

Structural Steel, whether Bessemer or Open Hearth, shows 
an average tensile strength of 55,000 to 65,000 lbs. 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS 

Ingots, Billets, Slabs, Blooms and the like, are called semi- 
finished products, and are used lor rolling or forging into 
any other kind of shapes. 



INGOTS 

An Ingot is the solid block of steel as it comes out of the 
mould after cooling. 

A Cropped Ingot is one that has had the top and bottom cut 
off. This is done to remove imperfect material. 



BLOOMS AND BILLETS 

After the Ingot is cropped it is either cogged (rolled) or forged 
into smaller and more convenient sizes for the manufacture of 
bars and shapes. These are called Blooms or Billets. 

The common sizes in which billets are furnished are the following: 
13/8, IK, ^H, ^H, 2" and 2^" square in lengths of 15, 20, 25 
and 30 feet. Also 4x4, 5x4, 4x6, 5x6, 5x5, 6x6 inches 
thick in any lengths of from 2' to 9' , inclusive. 

Rolling Mill Blooms are furnished in sizes of 5 x 6", 6}4'\ V , 
iVi" , 8", 8K", 9", and 10" square, in lengths of not less than 4' 
nor more than 9'. 

^lahs are used for rolling down into plates, and are considered 
as very heavy plates, where the width is equal to at least twice 
the thickness. 

Slabs can be furnished in widths of from 8" to 16", inclusive, 
not thinner than 4" or thicker than 8". 

Sheet Bars or Tin Bars are small slabs used for making sheets 
and tin plate; if made of charcoal wrought iron, they are termed 
charcoal bars; ordinary sheet bars are called coke bars. 

The principal thing to mention in semi-finished products is the 
chemical analysis, stating the exact percentage of the following: 
Carbon, Manganese, Phosphorus, Sulphur, and Silicon, es- 
pecially so in billets and ingots. Besides that the exact dimen- 
sions, such as: thickness, width and length are also required. 

5 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY INC., NEW YORK 



BARS 
ROUND AND SQUARE 




Specifications for round and square bars require: 

{A) the sizes: diameter for rounds, thickness for squares, and 
length. 

{B) whether Iron or Steel Bars are wanted. If the latter, 
whether they are to be "mild," "medium" or "hard." 

C) The purpose for which they are to be used. 

Round and square bars from Sg" to X^^" thick are base. For 

extras on other sizes consult list of extras. 

Round and square structural bars will require the same in- 
formation as the above bars in specifications. The latter, how- 
ever, are somewhat different as regards the extras. The rounds 
and the squares from ^i" to 3/{q" are base; smaller bars than ^4" 
will carry an extra as per list of extras, and will also be subject 
to the regular extra for cutting to exact length. 



Hexagon Bars 




Half Ovals 



Half Rounds 



Flat Bars and Bands 



The same information (referring to these bars) will be required 
as on Rounds and Squares. 

^4" to 3" thick will take a LS^ per 100 lbs. extra and other 
sizes will take larger extras as per list of extras. 

Lengths and sizes (thickness and width) are required in 
specifications besides the quantity; 3^'" to I34" will take a 15^ 
per 100 lbs. extra, and sizes smaller than i^" will take a greater 
extra as per regular list of extras. 

While mentioning in previous paragraphs an extra applying 
over and above the base price per 100 lbs., charged for cutting 
to exact length (approximately 15^ per 100 lbs.), this extra is 
charged only when the buyer does not agree to allow the mill 
to ship the material with the customary commercial variations 
in length, which are generally from }& of a foot to /^ of a foot 
longer or shorter than specified. 

In explanation of this, if one orders bars 12' long and wants 
them cut to exactly 12', and not a fraction of an inch longer or 
shorter, there is an extra of 10^ per 100 lbs. 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



On special short lengths, different extras will apply, and will 
be approximately as follows: 

Cutting to lengths under 3' down to T inclusive, 2b^ per 
100 lbs. 

Cutting to lengths under 2' down to 1' inclusive, 50<; per 
100 lbs. 

Cutting to lengths under 1 foot, $1.25 per 100 lbs. 

Finally, cutting to exact lengths or within ^s", subject to 
special arrangements with the mill. 

Whenever material is wanted for Muleback or other difficult 
transportation, state the weight of bundles desired and also the 
approximate length of bars. 

Whenever the bars are required to be bent for greater facility 
of transportation, it is necessary to state this in the order. 

When special packing such as wrapping bundles in burlap, 
crating or boxing is required, this should be stated, and same will 
be charged at cost. 

EXTRAS 

MILD STEEL BARS 
ROUNDS AND SQUARES 

Given in cents per lb. 

K to SH'e .in Base 

y?, to 1)^6 in 05c. extra 

K to ^6 in 10c. extra 

Ke in 20c. extra 

^'8 in 25c . extra 

'!42 in 30c. extra 

?^6 in 35c . extra 

^2 in 40c . extra 

X in 50c . extra 

^?^4 in 75c. extra 

^2 in • 1 . 00c . extra 

^6 in 1 . 25c . extra 

3>^ to 39/f6 in 075c. extra 

iYi, to 41^6 in 125c. extra 

4>^ to 45^6 in 15c. extra 

4^ to 5^16 in 20c. extra 

5>^ to 5^6 in 25c. extra 

iyi to 61^6 in 375c. extra 

61^ to 6^6 in 50c. extra 

byi to 7>^' in 625c. extra 

For intermediate sizes, the next higher extra to be charged in all cases. 

HALF ROUNDS 

1 to 3 in 20c. extra 

y to 1^6 in 35c. extra 

y?, to 11^6 in 50c. extra 

K to % in 70c. extra 

?/^ to % in 1.10c. extra 

For intermediate sizes, the next higher extra to be charged in all cases. 
7 



H1DALC;() STEEL COMPANY, IXC, XEW YORK 

BAR EXTRAS (Continued) 

FLATS 

1 to 6 in . x ' g to 1 in Base 

1 to 6 in. j 4 to ^16 in 10c. extra 

Hi6 to i?i6 in . X ^8 to ^4 in 20c. extra 

'He to i^ie x X to Ke in 25c. extra 

% to ^ in. X f^8 to >^ in 25c. extra 

^fg to f^ in. X >< to 5i6 in 35c. extra 

^ in. X ^8 to Tie in > ■ ■ ■ 50c. extra 

>^ in . X >^ to ^16 in 60c . extra 

1^6 in . x f^ in 70c . extra 

% in. x X to Ke in SOc. extra 

f^^ in . X >^ to ^6 in 1 • OOc . extra 

1>^8 to 6 in. X Hfe to l?i6 in 05c. extra 

IK to 6 in. x IX to iy2 in 10c. extra 

1^4 to 6 in. x Ifi to 23,4 in 15c. extra 

3>^ to 6 in. X 3 to 4 in 20c. extra 

For intermediate sizes, the next higher extra to be charged in all cases. 

HEXAGONS 

j 4 to 3 in 15c. extra 

^8 to •' 16 in 25c. extra 

K to I' 16 in 35c . extra 

jfe in 55c. extra 

is in 65c. extra 

5'f6 in 75c. extra 

>4 in 1.00c. extra 

For intermediate sizes, the next higlier extra to be charged in all cases. 

OVALS 

^4 to 2 J^ in. X yi in. and thicker 20c. extra 

34 to 2>2 in. x X in. to 9^6 in 30c. extra 

H to 2}4 in . x 5/^2 in . to ^ie in 45c. extra 

^ to HYe in. x 9^6 in. and thicker 35c. extra 

^ to ij/fe in. X ^^6 in. to ^ in 50c. extra 

f's to 11/16 in. X ^ in. to j^2 in 65c. extra 

K to ?'f6 in. X yi in. and thicker 55c. extra 

>^ to ?f6 in. X >^ in. to Ke in 70c. extra 

>^ to ^l6 in. x ?/^2 in 95c. extra 

yi to Vi(, in. x ?f6 in. and thicker 95c. extra 

f-s to Tfe in. X ^ in. to 9^2 in 1.20c. extra 

K to ^16 in . X % in 1 .45c. extra 

For intermediate sizes, the next higher extra to be charged in all cases. 

HALF OVALS 

Gauges shown are Birmingham Wire (jaiige 

1 to 4 in. x >4 in. and thicker 25c. extra 

1 to 4 in. X Nos. 7, 8, 9 and ^ie in 35c. extra 

1 to 4 in. X Nos. 10, 11, 12 and ^ in 50c. e.xtra 

% to 9^6 in. X ?Y6 in. and thicker 50c. extra 

^4 to 9l6 in. X Nos. 10, 11, 12 and yk in 65c. extra 

H to Ke in. X Nos. 13, 14 and 15 80c. extra 

yi to 1146 in. X 9^2 in. and thicker 60c. extra 

yi to ii-fe in. x Nos. 10, 11, 12 and yk in 75c. extra 

H to 1^6 in. X Nos. 13, 14 and 15 90c. extra 

}4 to ^^ in. X }4, in. and thicker 80c. extra 

}4 to y{(, in. X Nos. 13, 14 and 15 1.05c. extra 

^i to Tif, in. X ^,{2 in. and thicker 1.35c. extra 

^i to Tfe in. x Nos. 14 and 15 1 .60c. extra 

For intermediate sizes, the next higher extra to be charged in ail cases. 

8 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

BANDS 

Gauges shown are Birmingham Wire Gauge 

l>i to 6 in. X Nos. 7, 8, 9 and ?^6 in 20c. extra 

lyi to 6 in. X Nos. 10, 11, 12 and 3^^ in 30c. extra 

1 to lVi6 in. X Nos. 7, 8, 9 and ? ie in 25c. extra 

1 to 1^16 in. x Nos. 10, 11, 12 and >-8 in 35c. extra 

m^ to i'>i6 in- X Nos. 7, 8, 9 and Ke in 35c. extra 

'?ic to I'^ie in. x Nos. 10, 11, 12 and >8 in 40c. extra 

Mi6 to 34 in. x Nos. 7, 8, 9 and ?f6 in 50c. extra 

'He to 34 in. X Nos. 10, 11, 12 and >^8 in 60c. extra 

%(, to ^i in. x Nos. 7, 8, 9 and fje in 60c. extra 

?1fi to ^"i in. x Nos. 10, 11, 12 and >8 in 65c. extra 

K in. X Nos. 7,8,9 and ^fo in 65c. extra 

yi in. x Nos. 10, 11, 12 and >^ in 75c. extra 

% in. x Nos. 7,8,9 and ?-i6 in 90c. e.xtra 

TYe in. x Nos. 10, 11, 12 and ^s in 1.05c. extra 

3 8 in. X Nos. 7, 8, 9 and ffg in 95c. extra 

^8 in. X Nos. 10, 11, 12 and >^ in 1.20c. extra 

For intermediate sizes, the next higher extra to be charged in all cases. 

QUANTITY DIFFERENTIALS 

All specifications for less than 2000 lb. of a size will be subject to the fol- 
lowing extras, the total weight of a size ordered to determine the extra, 
regardless of length and regardless of exact quantity actually shipped. 

Quantities less than 2000 lb. but not less than 1000 lb 15c. extra 

Quantities less than 1000 lb 35c. extra 



NATIONAL IRON CLASSIFICATION 

IRON BARS 

Subject to usual and customary extras for size, quantity, etc. 
(see classification below), and established custom as regards de- 
livery point to govern. 

(Adopted Dec. 3. 189S.) 

ROUNDS AND SQUARES Per ico Lb 

1 to \y& Base 

2 to 2y& 0.20c. extra 

3 to 3K 50c. extra 

3f^ to 4 80c. extra 

4>^ to 4:}4 _ 1.00c. extra 

^H to 5 1.30c. extra 

5>^ to 6 1.80c. extra 

dyi to 6K 2.20c. extra 

6^ to 1% 2.50c. extra 

34 to }i 10c. extra 

H to 114 20c. extra 

K to %, 30c. extra 

% to 1^2 40c. extra 

^ to 1^2 50c. extra 

^6 to ^Hi 70c. extra 

K to % 90c. extra 

% 1 •40c. extra 

?-i6 2.50c. extra 

9 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



IRON EXTRAS (Continued) 

FLATS 

1>^ to 4 X J 8 to 1 Base 

4^ to 6 X :^8 to 1 10c. extra 

4K to 6 X Ufe to 1>^ 40c. extra 

6K to 8 X ^ to 1 60c. extra 

6>< to 8 X ll/fe to iK 60c. extra 

8X to 10 X 3/8 to 1 80c. extra 

1^8 to 4 X 1>^ to 1>^ 30c. extra 

2 to 4 X 1^ to 2 50c. extra 

^}i to () X \y& to 2 60c. extra 

6X to 8 X IH to 2 80c. extra 

8X to 10 X 11^6 to 1>^ 90c. extra 

8K to lOx 1^ to 2 1.00c. extra 

2 to 4 X 2^ to 3 60c. extra 

4K' to 6 X 2>^ to 3 80c: extra 

6^ to 8 x2>^ to 3 1.00c. extra 

1^ to If^ x fs to 1 10c. extra 

1 to U-fe x>8 to y& 20c. extra 

K to i^fo x ^ to K 40c. extra 

f^ to "fe X 1^ to f^ 50c. extra 

^ to ?ig X H to 3^ ! 90c. extra 

HEAVY BAND IRON PeriooLb. 

8>4 to 10 X >:( to -'16 70c. extra 

7 to 8 X >.< to Ke 70c. extra 

dyi to dii X }i to ^Q 50c. extra 

4X to 6 X X to 9i6 -^Oc. extra 

IK to 4 X X to Ke 20c. extra 

1 to 1^8 X >^ to ?i6 30c. extra 

K to i?4 X X to Ke ■SOc. e.Ktra 

f^ to 1 He X X to 5^6 80c. extra 

K to ?f6 X K to ^6 1 -OOc. extra 

H to Tie X X to Ke 1 -^Oc. extra 

Heavy bands, ^2 in- thick, 10c. per 100 lb. higher than ^ to Vfe thick 
Bevel edge shaft iron 10c. higher than same size of heavj' bands., 

LIGHT BANDS p r loo Lb. 

7 to 8 X No. 9 to ^6 90c. extra 

7 to 8 X Nos. 10, 11, 12 1.00c. extra 

6]4 to 6H X No. 9 to ^16 70.-. extra 

6K to 6H X Nos. 10, 11, 12 80c. extra 

4X to 6 X No. 9 to Sfe 50c. extra 

4X to 6 X Nos. 10. 11, 12 60c. extra 

1 X to 4 X No. 9 to 'Ke 40c. extra 

ly to 4 X Nos. 10, 11, 12 50c. extra 

1 to l^-te X No. 9 to sfe -^Oc. extra 

1 to 1^6 X Nos. 10, 11, 12 60c. extra 

^^16 to 7^ x No. 9 to ?<6 60c. extra 

'2/16 to Kx Nos. 10, 11, 12 70c. extra 

1^6 to K X No. 9 to ^16 80c. extra 

Hfe to K X Nos. 10, 11, 12 90c. extra 

% to M x No. 9 to 3^6 1 .OOc. extra 

% to Hx Nos. 10, 11, 12 1.10c. extra 

% to K X No. 9 to 3i6 1 .30c. extra 

% to H X Nos. 10, 11, 12 1.40c. extra 

3yi X No. 9 to 3,6 1.50c. extra 

H X Nos. 10, 11, 12 1.60c. extra 

10 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

BEVELED EDGE BOX IRON 

Same as Light Bands of Same Sizes 

OVAL IRON Per 100 Lb. 

,?8 to 1 K -iOc. extra 

34 to 1^6 ■50'-- extra 

5 8 to 1? 16 60c . extra 

1/2 to ?i6 80c. extra 

H to Ke 1.10c. extra 

>^ to 9^6 X he 1 -OOc. extra 

H to ^'i6 X Js 1.20c. extra 

HALF OVAL AND HALF ROUND 

lyi to 3 60c. extra 

J^g to 2 50c. e.xtra 

3/4 to isfe 70c. extra 

H to ii/fe 90c. e.xtra 

yito Ke 1 •20c. extra 

ff to Ke 2.50c. extra 

5^6 3.50c. extra 

% 4.50c. extra 

Half oval, less than J 4 their width in thickness, extra price. 

HORSE SHOE IRON 

All sizes 01c. extra 

Cutting to specified length, 2 ft. and over, 1/lOc. extra. 

RAIL STEEL BARS 
(Rolled from Old Steel Rails) 

Subject to the following extras, in cents per 100 lb., to be added to the base 
price per 100 lb.': 

For Size 
Rounds, squares and fiats, including deformed bars and twisted squares, take 

regular steel bar extras. 
1 in. X 1 in. x Js in. and larger angles, channels, flats, and cultivator 

beams Base 

U-bars, regular channels, harrow I-bars, diamonds, triangulars, Xyi in. 
X 1>^ in.xhe in. and larger, tees, ^4 in. x 34 in.xj^g in. and 

heavier, 1 in. x H in- x yi in. and heavier angles, per 100 lb 10.10 

1 in. X 1 in. X 5^6 in. to \}i in. x \yi in. x ^fg in. tees, per 100 lb .20 

SPRING STEEL EXTRAS 

Extras for Size 

Flat 

1^ to 6 in. X No. 4 to ^^ in., inclusive Base 

1 and \yi in. x No. 1 to No. 4, inclusive ^0.10 

1 to 3 in. X No. 5 to No. 7, inclusive 25 

Yi and iS-fe in. x No. 1 to No. 7, inclusive 25 

Y to ij^fe in. X No. 1 to No. 7, inclusive 50 

Ya to 3 in. X No. 8 to No. 10, inclusive 50 

K^ to 3 in. X No. 11 to No. 16, inclusive 75 

Ya to 3 in. X No. 17 to No. 20, inclusive 1.10 

Yi to V^ in. X No. 10 to No. 16, inclusive. . , 2.00 

Yi to 54 in> X No. 17 to No. 20, inclusive 2.50 

H to S/i in. X No. 21 to No. 24, inclusive 3.00 

11 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



SPRING STEEL EXTRAS (Continued) 

Round and Square 

f 8 to 1 l/i in . , inclusive Base 

K to Vxf^ in., inclusive ^0.10 

y^, to J-fe in., inclusive 25 

^ in 50 

K and % in 75 

On Intermediate Sizes, the extra for next lighter size will apply. 

STEEL TIRE EXTRAS 

1 in . X Yi, in . and heavier Base 

IK in. X '^fo in. and \ii\n 10c. 

1 in . to 1^6 X Vxf, and 1^2 •" • ■ ■ • .15c. 

1 in. to l^/fe X >^ in 25c. 

J^ in. X X in 15c. 

yi. in. X ^6 and % in 25c. 

ys in. X yi and ^2 '" 30c. 

yi in. s. yi \n 15c. 

^ in. X ?-f6 and ^2 in 40c. 

34 in. X yi and 532 'n 50c. 

^ in. X ?-f6 in 50c. 

yixn.x y& and 532 in 55c. 

Extras are e;iven in cents per lb. 

For intermediate sizes, the next higher extra to be charged in all cases. 

Sizes not shown are subject to special arrangement. 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



STRUCTURAL STEEL 

All Steel and Iron articles for structural and engineering 
purposes come under the heading of STRUCTURAL MA- 
TERIAL or SHAPES. They are: Beams, Angles with equal 
and unequal legs, Bulb Angles, Channels, Zee Bars and Tee 
Bars; also Steel or Iron Bars,-such as: rounds, flats with square 
or round edges, ovals, half ovals, half rounds, hexagons, octagons, 
etc. 

The requirements of specifications for shapes are the following: 

1st: Net tonnage required. 

2nd: Exact dimensions, either in the metric or the customary 
system, giving the exact thickness of the shapes, the depth, 
the width, the length of the leg; also, if the shapes are 
to be made of iron or of mild steel. 

3rd: Length desired, and if random lengths are acceptable, 
or whether the shapes are to be cut to exact length. 

A very important factor pertaining to the specifications on 
Shapes for either structural or engineering purposes, is whether 
these shapes are to be used for the erection of bridges and build- 
ings or for the construction of ships. Lloyd's, the British Cor- 
poration, and several other institutions of that character in the 
United States and abroad, have iron-clad rules as to the require- 
ments in steel for the construction of ships, and it must always 
be stated whether the material desired is to be "Lloyd's quality," 
"British Corporation's" quality, "Italian Ships Specification," 
or the like. The sections specified for Ship Building are some- 
what different from those for regular structural and engineering 
purposes, and there are several shapes manufactured for this 
purpose that are never used for any other work. In a general 
way, however, all the following information applies in the same 
way to regular structural as well as to ship shapes. 

Quotations on all structural material are made at so much 
per 100 lb. base. 

13 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



BEAMS 



H-Beam 



■Beam 



Beams: According to the depth of the beam and the width 
of the flange, beams are known as "I-Beams" where the depth 
of the beam exceeds the width of the flange, and as "H-Beams" 
where the width of the flange and the depth of the beam are equal. 

"H-Beams" are specified only for certain special purposes, 
and when wanted, it should be distinctly emphasized. They 
are made only in four sections, to-wit: 4", 5", 6" and 8", and in 
only one weight per section. 

In order to satisfy the many and varied purposes of Structural 
Engineering, structural beams are made in several different 
weights of each standard section. It is therefore of extreme 
importance, when asking for quotations on structural beams, 
to specify the section, that is the depth of the beam, and along 
with it the weight per running foot, besides the length of beam 
desired. It is unnecessary to mention the width of the flange 
in Beams, as this is governed precisely by the weight. 



The base sizes of beams are from 3" up to 15" inclusive; 
anything below 3" and over 15" will carry an extra, for which 
you will consult the extra list. 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



ANGLES 




Round Root 



Square Root 



Angles are manufactured in two distinct standard makes, 
known as "Round-Root Angles," which is the common struc- 
tural angle, and "Square-Root Angles," which is less common 
and specified for certain defined structural purposes. Round 
Root Angles are made with equal legs, where the width of each 
leg is the same, and with unequal legs, where the width of one 
leg is greater than that of the other. Square Root Angles are 
made only with equal legs, and straightcut edges. 

The information required in specifications is the length of 
the angle bar, the thickness and width of the legs. When 
specifying equal leg angles, it is sufficient to mention one 
width of the leg (as the other is the same) and the thickness, 
for example: 4" x fig". With unequal leg angles, it is of course 
necessary to state definitely the size of each leg. 



Bulb Angles 



are used mostly in the con- 



struction of ships, and sometimes in bridge construction. They 
are always made with unequal legs, the longer leg terminating 
with a bulb. 

There are several other distinct sections of angles, such as: 
Round Back Angles, Ship Protection Angles, Track Angles, 
etc., all of which are required in special construction work, and 
their name should be distinctly mentioned in specifications. 

Angles from 3" to 6" on one or both legs, y^" thick and heavier, 
are base, and if less or more than 6" to 6" and y^" thick will 
carry an extra. 

15 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



CHANNELS 



K 



A 



I f\ 



Structural 



Ship 



Generally speaking, there are two distinct kinds of Chan- 
nels, to wit: the STRUCTURAL Channels and the SHIP 
Channels with a distinct difference in construction. There 
are also Tire Channels, Car Building Channels and several 
other makes of minor note. 

As in Beams, the information necessary when specifying 
Channels comprises the width of the Channel, the weight per 
running foot and the length. The width of flange and the web 
thickness, are governed by the weight. 

Channels from 3" to 5" inclusive are base, and below and 
above that, will carry extras as per list of extras. 



ZEE BARS 



Zee Bars: State height of web, size of one flange (equal to 
hat of the other) and thickness, besides the length of the Bar. 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY. INC., NEW YORK 



TEE BARS 



Tees are made equal and unequal. An equal Tee is one where 
the width of the flange and the height of the stem are the same. 
Unequal Tees are those where the width of the flange is greater 
than the height of the stem, or, vice versa. 

When specifying Equal Tees, it is necessary to give the size 
of the flange (which is equal to that of the stem), and the thick- 
ness; in Unequal Tees, it is necessary to give the widths of both 
flange and stem and the thickness. Besides this the length of 
the Tee Bars is also required. Tees below 3" on one or both 
sides, carry extras, varying according to size; 3" and larger carry 
5t per 100 lbs. 



UNIVERSAL MILL PLATES 

Universal Mill Plates: These are used for fabricating columns, 
trusses and other shapes. When ordering, state length, width 
and thickness. 

On all structural material where other than standard mill 
lengths are specified, and where true lengths are required, an 
extra of 10^ per 100 lbs., in addition to the base price is charged. 



17 



• HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INX., NEW YORK 

EXTRAS 

STEEL STRUCTURAL SHAPES (3 in. and over) 

Subject to the following list of extras (in cents per pound to 
be added to the base price per pound) recommended by the 
Committee on Steel and Steel Products of the American Iron 
and Steel Institute, November 13, 1917: — 

Standard structural beams and channels, 3 in. to 15 in., inclusive Base 

Angles — structural sizes — c> in. to in. on one or both legs, J 4 in. thick 

and over Base 

Zees — structural sizes Base 

Standard structural beams — over 15 in 10c. extra 

Tees — structural sizes (excepting ele\ator, hand rail, car truck 

and conductor rail tees) 05c. extra 

Bulb beams 30c. extra 

Bulb angles (not including special bulb angles for torpedo boat 

destroyers) 30c. extra 

Cutting to lengths under 3 ft. to 2 ft., inclusive 25c. extra 

Cutting to lengths under 2 ft. to 1 ft., inclusive 50c. extra 

Cutting to lengths under 1 ft 1 .55c. extra 

No charge for cutting to lengths .> ft. and over: all material is subject to the 
following tolerances: 

Over Under 

Beams and channels ^s ''i- ?8 in. 

Angles, tees, zees and other shapes — sizes ?4 in. in. 

Cold sawing to exact length 25c. extra 

Material subject to Navy Department inspection 10c. extra 

Navy Department high tensil steel 1 .00c. extra 

Charges for other than mill inspection, such as "Lloyd's" or "American 
Bureau of Shipping," for bu\er's account. 

Extras on special sections subject to determination. 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



EXTRAS (Continued) 

ANGLES 

IK X IK in- and wider, but urlder 3 in. wide x ^g in. and heavier . 10c. 'extra 

IK X IK in. and wider, but under 3 in. wide x K in 15c. extra 

1 X 1 to IK X IK in. X ^6 in- and heavier 15c. extra 

1 to IK X IK X 18 in 20c. extra 

J'8 X J/g in . x ?^6 in 20c. extra 

}i X J4 in. X yi in 25c. extra 

34 X K in. X ^6 in 25c. extra 

3.4 X 34 in. x K in 30c. extra 

s 8 X 5,i in. X yi in 1 .10c. extra 

^i X 5/^ in . X 3^2 in 1 .30c. extra 

K X K in. X >^ in 1.60c. extra 

K X K in. X less than K in 1.80c. extra 

3 in. on one or both legs by less than ,^4 in. thick 35c. extra 

Unequal leg angles are subject to special prices, which will be furnished on 
application. 

For intermediate sizes, the next higher extra to be charged in all cases. 



CHANNELS 

IK in. and wider, but under 3 in. wide x ^/fg in. and heavier 15c. extra 

IK in. and wider, but under 3 in. wide x K in 25c. extra 

1 to IK in. X ^'16 in. and heavier 25c. extra 

1 to IK in. X K in 35c. extra 

1 to 1 >4 in . x ■'-g'4 in 50c. extra 

K and y&in. X ^^ in. and heavier 30c. extra 

K and K in- X K in 40c. extra 

K and J^ in. X V4 in 55c. extra 

H X K in. and heavier 1.20c. extra 

^ X 3-^2 in 1 .40c. extra 

K X V4 in. and heavier 1.80c. extra 

K X 5x6^4 in 2.00c. extra 

For intermediate sizes, the next higher extra to be charged in all cases. 



TEES 

IK X IK in. and wider, but under 3 in. wide x ^/fg in. and heavier .20c. extra 

1 X 1 to IK X IK X ^/fe in. and heavier 40c. extra 

1 X 1 to IK X IK X K in 50c. extra 

7/^ x K X ^^6 in 50c. extra 

KxKxKin 60c. extra 

K X K X ^/fe in 60c. extra 

K X K X K in .70c. extra 

54 X ^4 X yiin 1.30c. extra 

K X K X K in ■ 1 .80c. extra 

Unequal leg tees are subject to special prices, which will be furnished on 
application. 

For intermediate sizes, the next higher extra to be charged in all cases. 



19 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



PLATES 

On inquiries and orders for Iron or Steel Plates, specifications 
must show the thickness (gauge), and size (width and length) of 
the plates. They must also state distinctly whether iron plates, 
or mild steel plates are required. 

Plates are sold at so much 100-lbs. base, and the quality, the 
sizes and gauges are subject to extras, as follows: 

Steel Plates up to 72" wide shall be considered one quarter 
inch plate, and are base. Steel Plates over 12" wide must be 
ordered }^" thick, or not less than 11 lbs. per sq. ft. to take 
the base price. Steel plates over 72" wide ordered less than 
11 lbs. per sq. ft. down to the weight of ^g" shall take the price 
of the ^e" plate, and carry an extra of 10^ as per standard list. 

In specifying plates, anything that is not a square or rectangular 
plate, is considered by the mills as a "Sketch" plate, and all of 
those, regardless of thickness and size, carry extras. Ordinary 
"Sketch" plates, including paper plate, will carry an extra. 

Complete circles of 3' diameter will carry a 20^ extra per 100 
lbs. Boiler and tank steel plates will carry a 10^ extra, marine 
steel carries a 40^ extra, locomotive fire box steel 50^ extra, all 
per 100 lbs., in addition to extra for size and gauge. 

Rectangular plate conforming to Manufacturer's standard 
specification, or equivalent to y^^" thick in rolled and finished 
edge, 100" wide, down to and not including 6" wide, of which 
one dimension measures 36" or over, is base. 

Practically the same information applies to ship plate, the 
only difference being that the material itself has the chemical 
analysis and physical properties of the steel conforming with the 
specifications laid down by Lloyd's, the British Corporation, etc. 
The extras for ship plates are the same as for other plates. The 
Test Certificate issued by Lloyd's or other Institution is for 
buyers' account. 

EXTRAS 

STEEL PLATES 

Subject to the following list of extras (in cents per pound to 
be added to the base price per pound) recommended by the 
Committee on Steel and Steel Products of the American Iron 
and Steel Institute, November 13, 19 17: — 

Conditions 

Rectangular Plates, Tank Steel, yi in. thick and over on thinnest edge 
100 in. wide and under, down to but not including 6 in. wide, are Base. 

Plates up to 72 in. wide, inclusive, ordered 10.2 pounds per square foot, 
are considered yi in. plates. Plates over 72 in. wide must be ordered y^ in. 
thick on edge, or not less than 11 pounds per square foot to take base price. 

20 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

EXTRAS (Continued) 

Plates over 12 in. wide ordered less than 11 pounds per square foot down to 
the weight of ^le in. plates, as well as gage. 

Allowable overweight, whether plates are ordered to gage or weight, to be 
governed by the Standard Specifications of the Association of American Steel 
Slanufacturers. 

WIDTHS 

Widths over 100 in. to and including 110 in 05c. extra 

Widths over 110 in. to and including 115 in 10c. extra 

Widths over 115 in. to and including 120 in 15c. extra 

Widths over 120 in. to and including 125 in 25c. extra 

Widths over 125 in. to and including 130 in 50c. extra 

Widths over 130 in. to and including 135 in 1.00c. extra 

Widths over 135 in. to and including 140 in 1 .25c. extra 

Widths over 140 in 1 .50c. extra 

GAUGES 

Gauges lighter than }.^ in. to and including ^le in. on thin edge up 

to 72 in. wide, inclusive 10c. extra 

Gauges lighter than % in. to and including ?i6 in. on thin edge 

over 72 in. wide to 84 in. wide, inclusive 20c. extra 

Gauges lighter than j4 in. to and including ^(, in. on thin edge 

over 84 in. wide to 96 in. wide, inclusive 30c. extra 

Gauges lighter than K in. to and including ^fg in. on thin edge 

over 96 in. wide to 100 in. wide, inclusive 40c. extra 

Gauges lighter than y^ in. to and including ?fg in. on thin edge 

over 100 in. wide to 103 in. wide, inclusive 45c. extra 

GRADES 

Pressing steel 10c. extra 

Flange steel (boiler grade) 15c. extra 

Ordinary firebox steel 20c. extra 

Stillbottom steel 30c. extra 

Locomotive firebox steel 50c. extra 

"Marine" Steel 1 .50c. extra 

Material subject to Navy Department inspection 10c. extra 

High tensile hull steel to U. S. Navy Dept. or equivalent specifica- 
tions 1.00c. extra 

Navy Department boiler steel — Classes "A" and "B" 1.50c. extra 

Hull plates to hull specifications required to stand cold flanging take Extras 
for flange steel. 

CUTTING RECTANGULAR PLATES 

Lengths 3 ft. and over No extra 

Lengths under 3 ft. to 2 ft., inclusive 25c. extra 

Lengths under 2 ft. to 1 ft., inclusive 50c. extra 

Lengths under 1 ft 1 .55c. extra 

REGULAR SKETCHES 

(With not more than four straight cuts — including straight taper plates.) 
Lengths 3 ft. and over 10c. extra 

IRREGULAR SKETCHES 

(With more than four straight cuts) 

Lengths 3 ft. and over 20c. extra 

Sketches sheared to a radius take Circle Extras. —^ ^ 

CIRCLES .^-^ ^^ 

Diameters 3 ft. and over ^,<23 per cent of base price 

Half circles take Circles Extras. V 



21 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

RIVETS 

Rivets are made in a large variety of sizes and lengths, and 
with many different styles of heads. 

The smaller variety, such as Tinners Rivets, Coopers Rivets, 
etc., are mostly packed in either five pound paper boxes, 100 
in a case, or in boxes of 10, 25 and 50 pounds each. Sometimes 
they are put up in 100 or 200 pound kegs. Prices on these 
Rivets are usually quoted according to the way in which they 
are packed. 

The larger Rivets, such as Boiler Rivets, Structural Rivets 
and Ship Rivets are quoted at so much per hundred pounds 
base. They are usually packed in kegs or boxes weighing 
approximately 200 to 300 pounds. 

^" to 1/^" Rivets inclusive from 2" to 5" long are base. 
Other sizes carry extras as per list. 

When specifying Rivets state for what purpose they are to be 
used, the style of head wanted, and also the diameter and 
length of the Rivet measured from the shoulder of the head. 
The size of the packages in which they are to be put up is also 
necessary. 

SMALL RIVETS 






HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



LARGE RIVETS 




Steeple 



Extras per 100 Pounds 

1. One-half inch and ^.fg inch diameter $0.50 

2. Five-eighths inch and ^^ inch diameter .15 

3. Rivets larger than 1}<^ inches in diameter 25 

4. Lengths 1 inch and shorter 50 

5. Lengths over 1 inch and under 2 inches 25 

6. Lengths over 5 inches 25 

7. Flat Head Rivets 25 

8. All Standard Countersunk Head Rivets 25 

9. Swell Neck Rivets 25 

10. Special Heads other than our regular standards, 

minimum charge 25 

11. Cold, or Hot Made Solid Die Rivets, when specially 

specified 25 

12. Annealing Cold Made Rivets, ^4 inch diameter and 

larger 35 

13. Small orders for miscellaneous sizes for less than two 

tons to parties not under contract 10 

14. Rivets in 100 pound packages 10 

15. No shipments made of less than 100 pounds of a size. 

16. All Cone and Countersunk Head Rivets to be charged at 

Boiler Rivet Price. 

17. Cost of testing and inspection, if any, to be at customer's 

expense. 

18. High Carbon, or Special Alloy Rivets, special extra price 

upon application. 

23 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

SHEET MILL PRODUCTS 

BLACK SHEETS 

Are made for a great variety of purposes and are rolled from 
either Bessemer or Open Hearth Steel Bars, or from re-ham- 
mered charcoal iron. 

There are various kinds of sheets known under the name of 
"Black Sheets," as follows: 

Two Pass Cold Rolled. 
Three Pass Cold Rolled. 
Pickled and Annealed. 
Tack Plate, etc. 

Blue Annealed from #o to #14 gauge inclusive. 
Hot Rolled and Annealed. 

One Pass Cold Rolled and Box Annealed or Black Sheets, 
#15 gauge to # 36 gauge. 
All Black Steel Sheets are rolled in different gauges and cut 
to different sizes in accordance with the purpose for which they 
are to be used. 

All above sheets are rolled in standard gauges ranging from 
"0000000" down to 36 gauge. Generally either Birmingham 
Wire Gauge or the United States Wire Gauge are specified. 

The dimensions of the regular standard American products 
are about as follows: 

Standard Lengths of 60", 72", 84", 96", 120" (1.52, 1.83, 
2.15, 2.44 and 3.05 meters). 

Standard widths are 24", 30", 36" and 48" (61, 76 and 91 
cm.). 

Sheets can also be obtained in special widths and lengths when 
so specified. 

GALVANIZED SHEETS 

Regular Black Sheets of different gauges are used for making 
Galvanized Sheets and are put through the regular galvanizing 
process. There are two kinds of galvanized sheets, Plain and 
Corrugated. 

Gauges, widths and lengths, are the same on Galvanized Sheets 
as on Black Sheets. 

The standard corrugation for roofing sheets is 3". There are 
also various other corrugations, such as ^ie", ^", l/<i", 2", 
2^" and 5" corrugations. In specifying corrugated sheets it 
is, therefore, very important to indicate how many and what 
size corrugations are to be contained in each sheet. For example, 

24 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

in asking for ^ s" sheets, specify thirty-nine to forty Sg" corruga- 
tions per sheet. If 3" corrugations are wanted, specify eight., or 
ten 3" corrugations per sheet, etc. 



TERNE PLATE 

Terne Plates are made from charcoal iron, open hearth and 
Bessemer Steel. These plates are coated, the coating usually 
consisting of a mixture of 25%, tin and 75% lead. 

The grade and price of these plates vary in accordance with 
the lighter or heavier coating of tin and lead that is put on them. 
This coating usually amounts to 10, 15, 25, or 40 pounds per 
box of 20 X 28 plates, from 107 to 135 pounds. 

There is a class of Terne Plates known as "Long Terne Sheets." 
These are made in from No. 14 to No. 30 gauge, in widths from 
20" to 40", and in any length from 50" to 144" inclusive. The 
Long Terne Sheets are made in 8, 12, and 15 lb. coating, and are 
used in making automobile bodies, gasoline tanks, and cornice 
work, besides roofing. 

There is finally another class of Terne Plate known in the 
market as "Black Coke Tin," which is specified generally for the 
manufacture of furnace pipes. 

In inquires for this sort of material state the size of the pipe 
for which the sheets are wanted. 7" Pipe requires 20" x 23" 
sheets, 8" pipe requires 20" x 26", 9" pipe requires 20" x 29}4" , 
10" pipe requires 20"x32}^", 11" pipe 20" x 36", and 12" pipe 
20"x39". 

These plates are furnished in 90 lbs., 100 lbs., 107 lbs., 128 lbs., 
and 135 lbs., base, except the 20" x 36" and the 20" x 39", which 
are hardly made lighter than 107 lb. base. 

All these sheets are packed 112 sheets to a box, except the 
20" X 36" and the 20" x 39" or heavier than 107 lb. base, which 
are packed 56 sheets to the box for convenient shipping and 
handling. 



TIN PLATE 

Although Tin Plate is a product similar to Black Sheets and 
Galvanized Sheets, etc., it is used for entirely different purposes. 
The standard sizes, weights and gauges as applied to Tin Plate 
are different from those applied to Black Sheets or other similar 
products. It is, therefore, necessary to state herein what is 
termed as Standard American gauges on Tin Plate: 

25 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, LNC, NEW YORK 



STANDARD AMERICAN GAUGES OF TIN PLATE 





Si'" 


No. 
of 


Net Weight 


Gross Weight | 








sheets 


per Box 


pe 


Box 


Trade Name 














Inches 


m/m 


Per 
Box 


Lbs. 


Kilos 


Lbs. 


Kilos 


38 Ga. 55 lbs. 


14x20 


355x508 


112 


55 


24.95 


60 


27.22 


36 Ga. 65 " 


14x20 


355x508 


112 


65 


29.48 


70 


31.75 


70 " 


14x20 


355x508 


112 


70 


31.75 


75 


34.02 


75 " 


14x20 


355x508 


112 


75 


34.02 


80 


36.29 


80 " 


14x20 


355x508 


112 


80 


36.29 


85 


38.55 


85 " 


14x20 


355x508 


112 


85 


38.55 


90 


40.82 


90 " 


14x20 


355x508 


112 


90 


40.82 


95 


43.10 


95 " 


14x20 


355x508 


112 


95 


43.10 


101 


45.81 


100 " 


14x20 


355x508 


112 


100 


45.36 


106 


48.08 


IC 107 " 


14x20 


355x508 


112 


107 


48.53 


113 


51.25 


LX 135 " 


14x20 


355x508 


112 


135 


61.23 


142 


64.41 


LXX 155 " 


14x20 


355x508 


112 


155 


70.31 


163 


73.94 


IXXX 175 •' 


14x20 


355x508 


112 


175 


79.38 


184 


83.46 


IXXXX 195 " 


14x20 


355x508 


112 


195 


88.45 


204 


92.53 


IC 107 " 


14x183,, 


355x476 


124 


110 


49.90 


116 


52.62 


IC 107 " 


10x20 


254x508 


225 


153 


69.40 


163 


73.94 



Generally speaking, plates heavier than 195 lbs. base (ixxxx) 
are sold at pound rates, unassorted only. But, if desired, primes 
and wasters will be packed separately and invoiced at the same 
price. 

The United States standard widths and lengths of Tin Plate 
are: 

14"x20" and 20"x28" 

Tin Plate is generally packed in light wooden boxes each 
containing 56 sheets, 112 sheets, or 224 sheets per box, all boxes 
being iron strapped. Where tin lining is required, this will be 
charged extra at a cost of about 35^ per base box, more or less, in 
accordance with the base price of tin plate. 

"Base Box" is a trade term used to designate the Standard 
Package containing 112 sheets of 14" x 20" plates. 

The above classified weights and gauges are all figured out 
on boxes containing 112 sheets of the 14" x 20" size. There- 
fore, in Tin Plate specified in widths and lengths of 20" x 28", 
the weight per gauge would necessarily be double. As an ex- 
ample, we may have customers inquiring for so many boxes IC. 
14" X 20". These would weigh 107 lbs., and they may also inquire 
for IC. 20"x28" in 112 sheets, which would then weigh 214 
lbs., unless they want them in 56 sheets, in which case the boxes 
would weigh 107 lbs. These details should be carefully noted 
to avoid mistakes. 

26 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

The basis of Tin Plates is best soft steel, either Bessemer o 
Open Hearth quality. 

The terms Coke Tin Plate and Charcoal Tin Plate, are used 
simply to indicate the finish of these plates, that is: the 
lighter or heavier coating. 

Coke indicates the lightest kind of coating. 

Charcoal Plates have a heavier coating, and Charcoal "A," 
"AA," "AAA," "AAAA" and "AAAAA" each indicate an in- 
creasingly heavier coating of tin. There is also a special grade 
of Tin Plate made for dairy cans. 

The most generally used Tin Plate is the American Coke 
Tin Plate and this is used for the manufacture of cans for packing 
all sorts of vegetables, fruits, tea, coffee and tobacco; although 
for cans for fruit packing we would recommend a charcoal 
grade. Its tin coating being heavier, it would better resist 
the action of the acid contained in the fruit. 

In manufacturing Tin Plate, a certain per cent of "wasters" 
always accumulate. While Prime Plates are free from surface 
defects and of full dimensions ordered. Wasters show imper- 
fections of various kinds, being mostly sheets with uncoated 
spots, with air bubbles or with an amount of coating accumulated 
at the edges; also, with turned up edges and other similar defects. 

Most Manufacturers will insist, especially when quoting on 
large quantities, that the Purchaser take over not only the 
Prime Plates but the accruing Wasters as well. In such a case, the 
Wasters are assorted and packed separately, the price charged 
for the latter being generally between 25^ to 45^ per box less 
than the price charged for the Prime Plates. As a general aver- 
age, the amount of Wasters accumulating does not exceed from 
10 to 20%. 

Tin Plate prices are computed on a surface measurement 
using 14"x20" — 112 sheets — 31,360sq. inches in all — (in the metric 
system 355x508 mm. 20.23 sq. meters) as a base box. The 
base price is supplied for each weight shown in the above 
table. 

To obtain the price for sizes other than those given above, 
you must find what ratio of surface inches such package contains, 
as compared with the base box and multiply each ratio by the 
base price. 

For example, if the base price per box is $8.00 for a 
14" x 20" — 112 sheets and you wish to figure out the price on 
14"x22" — 112 sheets, multiply the ratio 1.10 by the base 
price of $8.00 and the result will be $8.80 per package. In the 
same way the net weight per package can be obtained by mul- 
tiplying the ratio by the base weight. 

27 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

To find the ratio of any given size, take the number of square 
inches and the total number of sheets per package of each given 
size and divide by 31,360, which is the total number of square 
inches of Tin Plate contained in the base box of 14" x 20"^ — 112 
sheets. 

For example: 14"x22" — 112 sheets, equal to 34,496 square 
inches and that divided by 31,360 equal 1.10. 

To find the cubic measurements of Tin Plate packages, which 
sometimes are wanted to figure out the cost of ocean freight, 
add two inches (51 mm) to the given width and length of 
sheets, and multiply the square by the following inches which 
represent the thickness of the package: 

70 lbs. to 95 lbs. thickness — 1.50" (38 m/m) 
100 lbs. to 128 lbs. thickness — 1.75" (44 m/m) 
135 lbs. and heavier — ■ 2.00" (51 m/m) 

EXTRAS 

SHEETS 

Subject to the following list of extras (in cents per 100 lb.) recommended 
by the Committee on Steel and Steel Products of the American Iron and 
Steel Institute, Nov. 20, 1917. 

ONE PASS COLD ROLLED BLACK SHEETS 
Gauge Standard Differentials and Extras Price per lOO Lb. 

30 Add 20c. 

29 Add 10c. 

28 (Carload quantities) Base 

27 Deduct 5c. 

25-26 Deduct 10c. 

22-24 Deduct 15c. 

17-21 Deduct 20c. 

15-16 Deduct 25c. 

13-14 Deduct 30c. 

10-12 Deduct 35c. 

STANDARD SIZES 

Gauges Nos. 12 to 30, inclusive, 24, 26, 28 and 30 in. wide, by 72, 84, 96 
and 120 in. long. Gauges Nos. 14 to 28, inclusive, 36 in. wide by 96 in. and 
120 in. long. 

See note under extras for boxing and crating. 

EXTRAS FOR LENGTH Extra 

Gauge Width per 100 Lb. 

16 and heavir 60 in. and longer Base 

16 and heavier Under 30 to 18 in 10c. 

16 and heavier Under 60 to 120 in Base 

17 to 18 Over 60 to 30 in 5c. 

17 to 18 Over 120 to 132 in 5c. 

17 to 18 Over 132 to 144 in 10c. 

17 to 18 Under 60 to 30 in 5c. 

17 to 18 Under 30 to 18 in 10c. 

19 and lighter Over 60 to 120 in Base 

19 and lighter Over 120 to 144 in 10c. 

19 and lighter Under 60 to 30 in 10c. 

19 and lighter Under 30 to 18 in 20c. 

28 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



EXTRAS FOR WIDTH 

Gauge 

16 and heavier 

16 and heavier Lender 

16 and heavier Lender 

17 to 18 Over 

17 to 18 Over 

17 to 18 Under 

17 to 18 Under 

19 and lighter L'nder 

19 and Hghter Under 

19 to 21 Over 

19 to 21 Over 

19 to 21 Over 

22 to 24 Over 

22 to 24 Over 

22 to 24 Over 

25 to 27 Over 

25 to 27 Over 

25 to 27 Over 

28 Over 

28 Over 

29 to 30 Over 



Width 


Extra per 100 Lb. 
Base 


24 to 


12 in 


10c. 


12 to 


6 in 


15c. 


24 to 


36 in . . . 


. . Base 


36 to 


48 in 


5c. 


24 to 


12 in 


10c. 


12 to 


6 in 


15c. 


24 to 


12 in 


10c. 


12 to 




20c. 


24 to 


36 in 


Base 


36 to 


44 in 


15c. 


44 to 


48 in . . . 


25c. 


24 to 


36 in 


Base 


36 to 


40 in 


20c. 


40 to 


48 in 


40c. 


24 to 


36 in 


Base 


36 to 


40 in 


20c. 


40 to 


44 in 


40c. 


32 to 


36 in 


10c. 


36 to 


40 in . 


40c. 


32 to 


36 in 


10c. 



BLUE ANNEALED SHEETS 

Standard Differentials and Extras 

Gauge Per 100 Lb. 

8 and heavier Less 5c. 

9 and 10 (carload quantities) Base 

11 and 12 Add 5c. 

13 and 14 Add 10c. 

15 and 16 Add 20c. 

EXTRAS FOR LENGTH 

Gauge Length Extra per 100 Lb. 

16 and heavier 60 in. and longer Base 

16 and heavier lender 60 to 30 in Add 5c. 

16 and heavier Lender 30 to 18 in Add 10c. 

EXTRAS FOR WIDTH 

Gauge Width Extra per 100 Lb. 

16 and heavier Under 24 to 12 in Add 5c. 

16 and heavier Under 12 to 6 in Add 10c. 

16 and heavier 24 in. and wider Base 

GALVANIZED SHEETS AND LONG TERNE SHEETS 

Standard Differentials and Extras for Gauge 

Gauge Per 100 Lb. 

30 add 50c. 

29 add 25c. 

28 (carload quantities) Base 

27 deduct 15c. 

25-26 deduct 30c. 

22-24 deduct 45c. 

17-21 deduct 60c. 

15-16 deduct 75c. 

12-14 deduct 90c. 

10-11 deduct $1 .00 

29 



Length 
60 to 144 in 


Extra per 


100 Lb. 

. . Base 


60 to 30 in 




. . 5c. 


30 to 18 in 




. 10c. 


60 to 120 in 




Base 


120 to 132 in 




. . 5c. 


132 to 144 in 




. . 10c. 


60 to 30 in 




. . 5c. 


30 to 18 in 




10c. 


60 to 120 in 




Base 


120 to 144 in 




10c. 


60 to 30 in 




. . 10c. 


30 to 18 in 




. . 20c. 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

STANDARD SIZES 

Gauges Nos. 12 to 30, inclusive, 24, 26, 28, 30 and 36 in. wide, by 72, 84, 
96 and 120 in. long. Gages Nos. 14 to 28, inclusive, 36 in. wide by 96 in. 
and 120 in. long. 

EXTRAS FOR LENGTH 

Gauge 

16 and heavier 

16 and heavier LTnder 

16 and heavier Under 

17 to 18 Over 

17 to 18 Over 

17 to 18 Over 

17 to 18 Under 

17 to 18 Under 

19 and lighter Over 

19 and lighter Over 

19 and lighter Under 

19 and lighter Under 



EXTRAS FOR WIDTH 

Gauge Width Extra per 100 Lb. 
10-15 Over 32 to 40 in None 

Over 40 to 44 in 10c. 

Over 44 to 48 in 20c. 

16-18 Over 32 to 36 in None 

Over 36 to 44 in 10c. 

Over 44 to 48 in 20c. 

19-21 Over 32 to 36 in None 

Over 36 to 40 in 20c. 

Over 40 to 44 in 30c. 

Over 44 to 48 in 40c. 

22-24. . ., Over 32 to 36 in None 

Over 36 to 40 in 20c. 

Over 40 to 44 in 40c. 

Over 44 to 48 in 60c. 

25-26 Over 32 to 36 in Base 

Over 36 to 40 in 30c. 

Over 40 to 44 in 60c. 

27 .Over 32 to 36 in 10c. 

Over 36 to 40 in ' 50c. 

Over 40 to 44 in 75c. 

28 Over 32 to 36 in 20c. 

Over 36 to 40 in 60c. 

29-30 Over 32 to 36 in 20c. 

24 and heavier Under 24 to 12 in 15c. 

Under 12 to 9 in 25c. 

25 and lighter Under 24 to 12 in 20c. 

Under 12 to 9 in 35c. 



See note under boxing and crating. 



30 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPAN'V, IXC, NEW YORK 



WIRE AND WIRE PRODUCTS 

W ire and Wire Products may be classified under two headings: 

Semi Fmished or Wire Rods, and Finished Wire. 

fFire Rods are made of Bessemer, Basic Open Hearth, Crucible, 
Special Steels, Charcoal Iron and Horse Nail Steel, in sizes from 
No. 5 Gauge up to 1". Special sizes and shapes of Wire Rods 
can also be supplied. 

Finished Wire is divided into different groups: 
Steel Market Wire 
Special Market Wire 
Spring Wire 
Music Wire 
Nail Wire 
Fence Wire 

Special and Miscellaneous Wire 
Barb Wire. 

STEEL MARKET WIRE 

For General Purposes 

Steel Market Wire is made in the following finishes: Plain 
annealed, bright, tinned, black varnished, coppered, tinned 
annealed, liquor bright, galvanized and painted. It is packed 
in catch weight or exact weight coils or bundles. 

SPECIAL MARKET WIRE 

The following kinds of wire come under this heading: 

Baling Wire, annealed, in low and high carbon 
Bookbinders' W^ire, round and flat 
Bottling Wire, tinned and galvanized 
Broom Wire, tinned 
Mattress Wire, tinned 

Stone Wire, annealed, bright, galvanized, coppered, liquor 
finish, tinned and tinned annealed. 

Mattress, Broom and Bottling Wires are supplied in coils, 
measuring about 1" , 12" or 16}4" inside diameters. The coils 
vary in weight from about 3 lbs. to about 30 lbs. each. They are 
wrapped in paper and packed in paper lined barrels, each con- 
taining about 500 lbs. (227 kilos), net weight of wire, or in strong 
paper-lined casks, each containing about 560 to 570 lbs. (about 
254 to 340 kilos) net. Also in tin-lined barrels or casks each 
containing about 550, 750, or 1120 lbs. (about 254, 340 or 540 
kilos) net, for which an extra charge is made. 

31 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

SPRING WIRE 

The following are classified under Spring Wires: 

Acme Spring Wire, black and coppered 
Brown Spring Wire, black and coppered 
Premier Spring Wire, black, galvanized, coppered and 
tinned, round and square. 

This wire is packed in about the same way as Special Market 
Wire. 

MUSIC WIRE 
Piano Wire, polished, tinned and galvanized. 
Covering Wire, plain and plated, coppered steel and pol- 
ished copper. 

NAIL WIRE 

Nail Wire is made soft or hard; round, square, oval, triangular 
and grooved. 

American Hard Nail Wire is made of Bessemer Steel and, 
while equally as tough, is found to be far superior and stronger 
than most of the European made wire for this purpose and conse- 
quently makes a better nail for both soft and hard wood. This 
is a very important fact to remember when American Nail Wire 
is in competition with European Nail Wire. 

There is also a Soft quality of nail wire particularly suitable for 
the manufacture of nails with large heads, such as Slate, Clout 
and Lath Nails, and other special nails. 

Nail Wire is packed in coils of different weight, much the same 
as all other wire. 

FENCE WIRE 

While Fence Wire really belongs to the group of Miscellaneous 
Wires, we are describing it under a separate heading because con- 
siderable quantities of it are bought under that name. 

Fence Wire is sold plain, galvanized and black varnished, and 
is made of hard, medium and soft steel, in any desired gauge; in 
catch-weight or exact weight bundles; single or nested coils, or, 
if so desired, in so-called "patent coils." 

There is also a brand of Fence Wire called "Galvanized Coiled 
Spring Steel Fence Wire." This coiled wire is used for making 
fences of various forms, is made in gauges Nos. 7 to 12, inclu- 
sive, put up regularly in catch-weight bundles, but, if desired, 
can be furnished in bundles of special weight. 

Where special bundles are desired, of, for instance, 53 lbs., 
or 24 kilos, or 42 kilos, or for that matter any special weight, 
to suit convenience or the conditions of travel in any particular 
country, they can be readily "supplied. 

32 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

Another class of Fence Wire is what is known as GALVAN- 
IZED HIGH TENSILE OVAL FENCE WIRE. This par- 
ticular Fence Wire, which is much higher in price than any other, 
is made for the purpose of meeting the demands for Fence Wire 
of greater resisting power than the ordmar}' galvanized wire, as 
made by our American Mills. This Fence Wire is made of high 
carbon steel and oval shape; the advantage of the oval over the 
round wire is that the former is better visible than the latter for 
equal weight or given length. A further advantage of this oval 
high carbon Fence Wire is that, tor instance, the 12 x 14 gauge 
wire will sustain considerable more weight without breaking than 
the No. 11 gauge of ordinary round galvanized wire; and 10 x 12 
gauge more weight than the number 9 gauge round wire. Another 
advantage and a ver\- important point to take into consideration 
is that the galvanized high tensile oval Fence Wire is not affected 
bv expansion and contraction, due to variations in temperature, 
to the same extent as the ordinary grade of galvanized wire. 

We mention these facts because in South America, especially 
on some of the large plantations in Argentine as well as in Cuba, 
Central America, etc., buyers often specify galvanized High 
Tensile Oval Fence Wire and are buying this kind of wire in 
large quantities, as they have learned from experience that this 
wire is far superior to all other wire made for the same purpose. 

This wire can be had in the following standard sizes: 

12x14 10x12 

11x13 9x11 

packed in coils of any desired weight, from 50 lbs., to 112 lbs., 
(22^/^ to 50 kilos) each in one continuous length. 



WIRE 
Extras on Plain Fence Wire in Coils 





Extras per 100 Lb. 


Sizes 

American Steel & Wire Co.'s Steel 

Wire Gauge 


For 

Annealed 

Wire 


For Galvanized 

Wire, Add to 
Price of Annealed 


\os. 6 to 9 inclusi\'e 


Base 
$0.05 
.10 
.15 
.25 
.35 
.45 
.55 


$0.70 


\o. 10 


.70 


Xo. 11 


.70 


Xos. 12 and 12^2 


.70 


Xo. 13 


.70 


No. 14 


.70 


No. 15 


1.05 


Xo. 16 


1.05 



Annealed baling wire, in catch weight bundles, 10c. per 100 lb. extra over 
plain annealed fence wire. In even weight bundles, a further extra of 5c. 
per bundle. 

Special galvanized, extra over ordinary galvanized, per 100 lb.: No. 14 
and coarser, 50; Nos. 15 and 16, $1.00. 

Even weight bundles, 5c. per bundle extra, except 100 lb. bundles, which 
are considered standard and take no extra charge. 



33 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

SPECIAL AND MISCELLANEOUS WIRES 

Under this heading a large variety of wire is classified and 
it would take entirely too much space to enumerate all that would 
come in this group. In view of this very fact orders or inquiries 
for wire in general, must state exactly for what purpose the wire 
is to be used, giving all details, so that we may quote on and 
furnish the proper kind of material. 

All wire coming under this heading is coiled, packed and made 
in much the same manner as all other wire. 

There are a number of different gauges, but the known 
Standard Gauges in the market today are the following: 

U. S. Steel Wire Gauge. 

Birmingham Wire Gauge (B.W.G.) also known as "Stub's 
Gauge." 

The British Imperial Standard Wire Gauge (S.W.G.) 

The American Wire Gauge or "Brown and Sharpe" Gauge 
(B &S). 

The Paris Gauge (J. deP,). 

The subject of Gauges requires close and most painstaking 
attention, as often the difference between gauges is consider- 
able, and errors in stating the right gauge may occasionally 
prove fatal. 

All wires are sold at so much per 100 lbs. base, and are subject 
to extras for packing, for making coils and bundles in special 
weights, also for making the material to answer special specifica- 
tions, physical and chemical analysis, etc. 




34 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 




35 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

BARB WIRE 

There are four different kinds or brands of Barb Wire: 

WAUKEGAN BRAND made in two point and four point 




IOWA BRAND made only in four point 




GLIDDEN BRAND made in two point and four point 




BAKER PERFECT made in two point only 




By two point and four point is meant that the Barb is made 
of either single or double staples, that is, having either two or 
four points per Barb. 

As a general rule Barb Wire is made in three different gauges 
to-wit: No. 12, No. 13, and No. 14 gauge, although sometimes 
mills will agree to draw and manufacture Barb Wire to answer 
some foreign specifications outside of the above gauges. 

There is a further distinction in Barb Wire which is to be found 
in the distance between the Barbs, some of it being made with 
three inches distance, some with five inches, and some again 
with six-inches distance between the barbs. Some of it, like the 
Glidden Four Point, is made also in l^g" distance. 

Barb Wire is sold principally in three finishes, i.e.: gal- 
vanized, black varnished and gray or black painted. 

Barb Wire is supplied on either wooden reels with double or 
single cross-piece, or on steel rod spools, furnished from 28 lbs. 
to 125 lbs., (12K to 56 kilos) net weight. 

36 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



WIRE NAILS 

Wire nails are manufactured in many styles from round, 
square, oval, triangular and also grooved wire. 

The styles of nails are distinguished by the shape of the nail 
heads and also by the finish or deformations on the nail 
proper. Some nails, however, derive their trade name from the 
purpose for which they are used. 

The cuts below illustrate most of the styles of nails, giving 
at the same time the Standard American sizes in which they are 
made. 



STYLES OF NAIL HEADS 

FLAT SMOOTH 



FLAT CHEQUERED 



COUNTERSUNK CHEQUERED 



ROUND OR CONVEX 



COMMON BRAD 



FLOORING BRAD 



Zl 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



SLATE NAILS 



1= 



GaiiRe 


Lengths 


furnished in inclies 


Approximate 
Diameter Heads 


\3 
12 
11 
10 
Q 


1 

1 
IK 


1 

IK 
IK 
IK 

A. 


1 
IK 

IK 

IK IK 2 

2 

CLOUT NAILS 


K inch 

ri " 
% " 


Gauge 


Lengths furnished in inches 


Approximate 
Diameter Heads 


14 
1,> 
12 
11 
10 

y 


H 
1 
1 
IK 


H 
IK 
IK 
IK 


K H 1 
1 IK IK 
1 IK IK 
IK IK 
IK IK 2 

2 

LATH NAILS 


IK Kinch 

K " 



Gauge 

U 
13 
12 
11 



I 



ISi^^^^^^^ 



Lengths furnished in inches 



IK 

IK 



IK 1. 



i>^ 
1^ 
i>i 
IK 2 



IK 



Approximate 
Diameter Heads 

I'32 inch 
% " 
% " 



Before going further let us mention that United States manu- 
facturers of wire nails generally make nails to the U. S. G. 
(United States Steel wire gauge), The British Imperial Standard 
Gauge (S.W.G.), the Birmingham Wire Gauge (BWG) and are 
also prepared at times to accept Paris Gauge or the Millimeter 
Gauge. Most of the confusion in quoting on and supplying wire 
nails arises from the subject of gauge, and great care should al- 
ways be exercised to avoid a misunderstanding by stating exactly 
the kind of gauge wanted. Unless otherwise specified Standard 
American Gauge will be quoted on. 

Some requirements might call for a specially built nail, difFer- 

38 



HIIXALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

ing from the Standard stales either in width of head, length, 
finish, etc. In such cases and if alJ particulars are clearly given, 
we will endeavor to the best of our ability to supply just what is 
wanted, or the nearest specification to the one given, charging 
in proportion all the extras that are charged by our mills. 

The chart below gives a comparison of the various gauges and 
it is best to consult this chart before deciding on the gauge 
desired. 



FULL SIZE OF WIRE 

Standard Steel Wire Guage 





Deci- 
mal 
Equiva- 
lent 

.1620 

.1483 

.1350 

.1205 

.1055 

.0915 
.0800 
.0720 
.0625 
.0540 
.0475 



Besides gauge, length and style of nail, it is also important to 
mention the finish, such as galvanizing, cement-coating, steriliz- 
ing, chipping or barbing, etc. 

When deciding on the style of nail wanted consult the cuts giving 
the names of the styles in accordance with the use of the nails, 
such as Flooring Nails, Lath Nails, Slate Nails, Roofing Nails, 
Hinge Nails, Tie Marking, etc. 

Nails are always quoted per 100 lbs. base, diflPerent extras ap- 
plying on various grades of nails for export and for domestic 
consumption. On nails for export generally a net price per 100 
lbs. is preferred, and the price quoted to foreign customers in- 
variably is a flat price including all extras. 

PACKING 

Wire nails are generally packed in small wooden kegs in three 
standard weights according to the wishes of the customer, viz: 
100 lbs., 112 lbs., or 133}4 lbs., or in strong canvas bags weighing 



39 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

56 to 112 lbs. gross. If special weights are wanted to suit un- 
usual transportation conditions in foreign markets they can be 
supplied at extra charges. When so desired nails can be packed in 
paper packages, wooden cases, etc. 

Carpet and bill board tacks, fine wire nails for frames, and 
other minute nails, come in small paper packages, so many 
per case. 

Large nails and spikes come packed in kegs of 100, 112, 200 
and 224 lbs., each, according to size. 



EXTRAS 

WIRE NAILS 

Extras in accordance with the following standard nail card : 

Extras on Standard Wire Nails in Kegs of 100 Lb. 



Common Fence Shingle, Tobacco, 

Flooring and Common Brads. 

Advances 

20d to 60d Base 

lOd to 16d $0.05 

8dand9d 10 

6dand7d 20 

4d and 5d 30 

3d 45 

2d 70 

3Hd 40 

Fine Nails 

2d, extra fine, Ix 17 $1.10 

2d, fine 1.00 

3d, l>^x 15 50 

3d, extra fine, 1^8 x 16 65 

4d 50 

Barrel Nails 

Hin $1.35 

K in 1.00 

>^ in 85 

1 in 70 

1^ in 60 

IX in 50 

1^ in 40 

IK in 30 

Barbed Roofing Nails 

H in $0.75 

^-8 in 65 

1 in 60 

1^^ in 60 

IX in 55 

IH and 1;% in 45 

2 in .35 



Barbed Common and Barbed Car 

Nails 

15c. advance over common 

Casing, Siding and Smooth 

Box Nails 

lOd and larger $0.15 

8d and 9d 25 

6d and 7d 35 

4d and 5d 50 

3d 70 

2d 1.00 

Boat Nails 
25c. extra over hinge Spikes 

All sizes to 9 in $0.10 

10 in. and larger 25 

Special gages 10c. additional 
Barbed Dowel Pins 

^8 in $1.25 

34 in 1.00 

j>8 in 85 

1 in 70 

11^ in 60 

IX in 60 

Us in 60 

IX in 60 

Special Extras on Standard Wire 

Nails 
Annealed nails (except clinch and 

hinge), 15c. per 100 lb. 
Blued nails, 25c. per 100 lb. 
Special heads, 15c. per 100 lb. 
Special points, 15c. per 100 lb. 
Galvanizing all standard nails, at 

special prices. 



40 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY. INC.. NEW YORK 



WIRE ROPE 

In buying wire rope it is extremel}' important to state exacti}- 
what OtJALITY of rope is wanted. The uses to which wire rope 
is put are many and varied. The rope is constructed in accordance 
with these man\' uses, different ways of lading the wires and 
strands being used to best meet the requirements of flexibility, 
strength, resistance to abrasion, etc. The cuts below will give 
an idea of the different ways of manufacturing: 



Standard Flexible Wire Rope. Special Flexible Hoisting Rope 





Seale La}- Rope. 



Extra Flexible Seale Lay Hoisting Rope 





Extra Flexible Hoisting Rope 



Tiller Rope 





Standard Coarse Laid R 



ope 



Gab 



?d Steel Mooring Lines 





It is also well to remember that in addition to the varied meth- 
ods of laying the wires and strands, another factor of importance 
regarding wire rope is the quality of the steel used for the wires 

41 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

themselves. Standard Hoisting Ropes are made from five differ- 
ent grades, viz: Swedish Iron, Cast Steel, Extra Strong 
Crucible Cast Steel, Plow Steel and Improved Plow Steel. 

SWEDISH IRON 

Swedish Iron Wire Rope is used principally for hoisting and 
counterweight service on elevators. 

In many cases it has been found advantageous to substitute 
Steel for Iron Wire Rope, and in making such substitution it is 
well to use the same size of rope, thereby taking full advantage 
of the increased strength and wearing capacity of Steel over Iron. 

CRUCIBLE CAST STEEL 

Crucible Cast Steel Wire Rope is the quality most commonly 
used for hoisting purposes. It is composed of six strands each of 
nineteen wires, making 114 wires laid around a hemp center. 
This construction makes a very pliable rope, which will wind on 
moderate-sized drums and sheaves. 

This rope is used for hoisting in mines, for cable roads, 
inclined planes, elevators, etc. 



EXTRA STRONG CRUCIBLE CAST STEEL 

Extra Strong Crucible Cast Steel is intermediate in quality 
between Crucible Cast Steel and Plov/ Steel Rope. Extra Strong 
Crucible Cast Steel can be substituted for Crucible Cast Steel 
when it is desirable to increase the factor of safety without change 
in drums or sheaves. 



PLOW STEEL 

Plow Steel Rope is made of wire drawn from especially selected 
High Strength Steel. This rope is of great strength and 
toughness and is capable of resisting severe abrasion. Plow 
Steel Rope is recommended for Dredging, Logging, Coal and 
Ore Hoisting, Stump Pullers, Derricks, Wrecking Ropes, Heavy 
Cranes, and for all rough uses requiring great strength and tough- 
ness. 



IMPROVED PLOW STEEL 



The wire from which this rope is made is drawn from se- 
lected material \vith such care and attention that it excels all 
others in uniformity, strength and toughness. 

We especially recommend the use of this rope for long hoists 
or deep shafts, where the weight of the rope becomes a consider- 
able part of the load. 



42 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY. IXC, NEW YORK 

NUTS AND BOLTS 

The many and various purposes for which Bolts are used have 
gradually developed a large variet}- in the style of heads, each 
adapted to its particular purpose. 

The bolts most generally used are the MACHINE or ENGI- 
NEERS BOLTS and the CARRIAGE BOLTS. The former are 
made with either Square or Hexagon head, Round Shank and 
Square or Hexagon Nut, w^hile the latter are made with either 
Oval Head, (sometimes termed Cup Head) Countersunk Head 
or Bevel Head with a Square Neck and Square Nut. These are 
sold by list price and discount, such prices being made either by 
the number of pieces, i. e.: per hundred or per gross, according 
to whether American or English custom is followed, or by weight 
i. e.: 100 lbs., hundredweight (112 lbs.), or 100 kilos. 

In specifying bolts, it is w^ell to bear in mind the following 
rules for measurement: 

All Square, Hexagon, Oval, Round, Cone, Round or Oval 
head w^th Square Neck, Square Head with Square Neck, or 
Elevator Bolts are measured from under head to point of bolt. 
All Plow Bolts, Bolt Ends and Countersunk Head Bolts, except 
Elevator Bolts, are measured from end to end overall. The speci- 
fication should also state the st}le of thread required. 

NUTS are made either by the hot-forged or cold-pressed meth- 
od, and are furnished either Square or Hexagon, threaded or 
blank. In ordering these, where standard size is acceptable, 
the size of the bolt on which the nut is to be used should be stated. 
Nuts are sold at list price per pound, usually subject to a dis- 
count in cents per pound. 

FANCY HEAD BOLTS 




Tee Head Shaft Step Head Seat Bolt Bastard Head Cone Head 

43 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



TRACK BOLTS 




With Scjuare Nut With Hexagon Nut 

STANDARD RAILROAD TRACK BOLTS 

EXTRA AS FOLLOWS: 







Per 100 Lb. 




Square 


Hexagon 


Diameter 


Lensth 


Nut 


Nut 


ll'4 in. to 3 4 in 


33^ in. 
3}i in- 


Base 


$.30 
.40 




$.20 




3 in. 


.30 


.50 




234 in. 


.40 


.60 


^ in 


3y2 in. 
3}i in. 


.35 


.55 




.35 


.60 




3 in. 


.40 


.65 




234 in. 


.50 


.75 




2}4 in. 


.60 


.85 




2^ in. 


.75 


1.00 


% in . and >^ in 


3 in. 


.85 


1.30 




2^4 in. 


LOO 


1.45 




2}4 in. 


L15 


1.60 




2}im. 


L20 


1.75 




2 in. 


L35 


1.90 




IK in. 


L55 


2.10 




l>^in. 


L65 


2.25 


^e in 


2>^in. 
2Kin. 


L55 


2.00 




L75 


2.20 




2 in. 


L95 


2.40 




l^in. 


2.15 


2.60 




l>^in. 


2.35 


2.80 


^i'm 


2Xin. 
2 in. 


2.40 


2.95 




2.65 


3.20 




\H in. 


2.90 


3.45 




IJ^in. 


3.15 


3.70 



Bolts with cut threads 

Bolts with square recessed nuts 

Bolts with "Ideal" square recessed nuts. 

44 



$.10 per 100 1b. 
. .10 per 100 lb 
. .15 per 100 1b. 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



CARRIAGE BOLTS 






Oval Head 
Cup. Square, (Square^ 



Bevel Head Countersunk Head 



MACHINE BOLTS 



Hexagon Head and Nut 



Square Head and Nut 



45 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



CONCRETE BARS 

(Bars for Re-inforcing Concrete) 

There are a number of different concrete bars and as a general 
rule they are classified as follows: 

1st: PLAIN BARS 

Round, Square and Oval 

2nd: DEFORMED BARS 

Square Tzvisted, Oval Deformed, Spiral Bars 
Corrugated Square, Corrugated Round 






Square Twisted Bar 




Round Deformed Bar 



Corrugated Round Bar 



These bars are used for re-inforcing concrete work, and custo- 
mers inquiring for this class of material must give detailed 
specification as to just what kind of concrete bars they want. 

Plain concrete bars, round, square and oval bars, are made 
in diflFerent designs, that is: their surface is either plain or cov- 
ered with star-like or diamond-like figures or other designs made 
on the surface and all around the bars for the purpose of having 
the concrete hold on to the bar. 

46 



HlDAlAU) STEEL CoMPAXV, IXC, NEW YORK 

Concrete bars are sold per 100 lbs., base and are manufactured 
in sizes ranging from ^4" up to 1" square or in diameter. All 
sizes and st3'les are subject to the standard list of extras for 
concrete bars. 

It might be added, that there are two kinds of bars made for 
concrete reinforcing work; one is made from new material, that 
is from Pig Iron up, in the regular process of manufacture, 
while the other is made from old rails, and is, of course, cheaper 
in price than new bars. 

While for special purposes, engineers are rather adverse to ac- 
cepting re-rolled material, that is, bars made from old beams or 
old rails, it may be said that concrete bars made from old rails, 
which show a high carbon percentage and are made of first class 
Bessemer or Open Hearth Steel, are better adapted for this kind 
of work. 

Concrete bars made from old rails are generally known in the 
market as "RAIL CARBON STEEL BARS," and they have a 
high elastic limit, much higher than the concrete bars made from 
new material; they also have a higher tensile strength and a 
greater resisting quality. 

Unless otherwise specified new concrete bars are shipped in 
-what is known as '''' structural steel grade'' having a minimum yield 
of 33,000 lbs., per square inch. Bars in "Intermediate grade" 
with a minimum yield of 40,000 lbs., per square inch. Bars 
of: "Hardgrade" with a minimum yield of 50,000 lbs., per 
square mch, will be supplied only when specified. All reinforc- 
ing bars are subject to standard regulations for test, analysis, 
finish and weight. 



47 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



HOOPS AND BANDS 




Hoops and Bands are used for a great variety of purposes. 
For ordinary commercial purposes Hot Rolled Hoops made from 
soft steel are used. 

It happens occasionally that Hoop Steel is mistaken for Strip 
Steel, or Cold Rolled Strips, which is more expensive and made 
of a far superior grade of steel. 

In specifying Hoop Steel two main features must be empha- 
sized, that is, the width of the hoop and the gauge or thickness. 
Aside from this the next in importance is the finish, namely, 
whether the hoops are wanted plain black, or galvanized, 
etc., and finally the mode of packing, with a definite statement 
as to the gross weight of package desired, and whether they are 
wanted packed in coils, barrels, scrolls, etc. 

All hoop steel made in America is rolled only in the standard 
American hoop gauge, with practically no exception; but, as the 
dead-true thickness is of no great importance in hoops, it is 
sufficient to state the number of the gauge. 

Hoop Steel is always quoted at so much per hundred pounds 
base. Over and above the base price quoted, extras are charged 
for width and for gauge. 

When endeavoring to determine net price per hundred pounds 
add to the base price: 

Extra for width, extra for gauge, and, finally, if any, extras 
for special packing. 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



Extras for Cutting 

No charge for shearing to specified lengths 5 feet and over. 
Shearing to specified lengths over 2 feet to 5 feet, 10 cents per pound. 
Shearing to specified lengths 2 feet and under, subject to special arrange- 
ment. 

NOTE. — Extras are given in cents per pound. 



STEEL HOOP EXTRAS 





Thic 


kness 




Width 






Extra for 


Inches 






Size 




Gauge 


Decimal 




H 


13 


.095 


1.10c 


H 


14 


.083 


1.10 


H 


15 


.072 


1.20 


H 


16 


.065 


1.30 


H 


17 


.058 


1.45 


H 


18 


.049 


1.60 


Vx^ 


13 


.095 


.90 


^6 


14 


.083 


.90 


Vm 


15 


.072 


.90 


Vxt 


16 


.065 


1.00 


Vx, 


17 


.058 


1.10 


% 


18 


.049 


1.35 


% 


19 


.042 


1.50 


y2 


13 


.095 


.65 


y^ 


14 


.083 


.65 


K 


15 


.072 


.65 


K 


16 


.065 


.75 


K 


17 


.058 


.75 


y2 


18 


.049 


.80 


M 


19 


.042 


.85 


y 


20 


.035 


.95 


y 


21 


.032 


1.15 


y 


22 


.028 


1.35 


Ht 


13 


.095 


.55 


Vx^ 


14 


.083 


.55 


Vx^ 


15 


.072 


.55 


t 


16 


.065 


.65 


17 


.058 


.65 



49 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 




Thickness 




Width 




Extra for 


Inches 






Size 




Gauge 


Decimal 




Ke 


18 


.049 


.70c 


^6 


19 


.042 


.75 


^/fc 


20 


.035 


.85 


'Z 


21 


.032 


1.00 


% 


22 


.028 


1.15 


^/i-e 


23 


.025 


1.35 


H 


13 


.095 


.50 


H 


14 


.083 


.50 


H 


15 


.072 


.50 


H 


16 


.065 


.60 


H 


17 


.058 


.60 


H 


20 


.049 


.65 


H 


19 


.042 


.70 


H 


20 


.035 


.80 


H 


21 


.032 


.95 


y» 


22 


.028 


1.10 


H 


23 


.025 


1.30 


'Ke 


13 


.095 


.45 


iKe 


14 


.083 


.45 


iKe 


15 


.072 


.45 


'Ke 


16 


.065 


.55 


•He 


17 


.058 


.55 


>K6 


18 


.049 


.60 


^lle 


19 


.042 


.65 


"/16 


20 


.035 


.75 


"/fe 


21 


.032 


.90 


1^6 


22 


.028 


1.05 


H<6 


23 


.025 


1.25 


^ to 13^g 


13 


.095 


.40 


J< to 13/,c 


14 


.083 


.40 


3^ to ISfc 


15 


.072 


.40 


^A to l^fi 


16 


.065 


.50 


3^ to IHfi 


17 


.058 


.50 


Kto i^r, 


18 


.049 


.55 


34 to 114, 


19 


.042 


.60 


H to life 


20 


.035 


.65 


KtO 1^6 


21 


.032 


.75 


3/4 to iKfi 


22 


.028 


.95 


K to 'h'6 


23 


.025 




>i 


13 




1.20 


>^ 


14 


.095 


.30 


^ 


15 


.083 


.30 


>^ 


16 


.072 


.3C 


H 


17 


.065 


.35 


H 


18 


.058 


.40 


n 


19 


.049 


.40 


H 


20 


.042 


.45 


H 


21 


.035 


.55 


H 


22 


.032 


.65 


n 


23 


.028 


.85 


15/ffi to 1 


13 


.025 


1.10 


'^ffi to 1 


14 


.095 


.20 


'■^„-, to 1 


15 


.083 


.20 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY. INC.. NEW YORK 





Thickness 




Width 






Extra for 


Inches 






Size 




Gauge 


Decimal 




'5,6 to 1 


16 


.072 


.20c 


15i6 to 1 


17 


.065 


.25 


i->i6 to 1 


IS 


.058 


.25 


1?16 to 1 


19 


.049 


.30 


'Ke to 1 


20 


.042 


.35 


15/,'6 to 1 


21 


.035 


.45 


1^6 to 1 


22 


.032 


.65 


'5/16 to 1 


23 


.028 


.85 


1 V{6 to 1 3 8 


13 


.025 


1.10 


1 Ke to M 8 


U 


.095 


.15 


1 He to 1 }k 


15 


.083 


.15 


1 K6 to 1 ^8 


16 


.072 


.15 


1 He to 1 3 8 


17 


.065 


.20 


1 Heto 1 3 s 


18 


.058 


.25 


1 \% to 1 3 8 


19 


.049 


.25 


1 Vrnto 1 4 8 


20 


.042 


.30 


1 Ke to 1 48 


21 


.035 


.45 


1 Ke to 1 3 g 


22 


.032 


.65 


1 Xfe to 2 ' 


13 


.028 


.85 


1 Ke to 2 


14 


.095 


.10 


1 l{, to 2 


15 


.083 


.10 


1 Ke to 2 


16 


.072 


.10 


1 Ke to 2 


17 


.065 


.10 


1 Ke to 2 


18 


.058 


.15 


1 Ke to 2 


19 


.049 


.20 


1 He to 2 


20 


.042 


.25 


1 He to 2 


21 


.035 


.50 


1 Ke to 2 


22 


.032 


.70 


2 Vfe to 2 y2 


13 


.028 


.95 


2 Ke to 2 M 


13 


.095 


.10 


2 He to 2 >^ 


14 


.083 


.10 


2 He to 2 >^ 


15 


.072 


.10 


2 He to 2 >^ 


16 


.065 


.15 


2 He to 2 ^ 


17 


.058 


.20 


2 He to 2 >^ 


18 


.049 


.30 


2 He to 2 i^ 


19 


.042 


.40 


2 Ke to 2 y2 


20 


.035 


.60 


2 ife to 2 y2 


21 


.032 


.90 


2 94e to 3 


13 


.095 


.10 


2 Ke to 3 


14 


.083 


.10 


2 Me to 3 


15 


.072 


.10 


2 9.(6 to 3 


16 


.065 


.15 


2 9/16 to 3 


17 


.058 


.20 


2 Ke to 3 


18 


.049 


.30 


2 9/16 to 3 


19 


.042 


.40 


2 9/^6 to 3 


20 


.035 


.60 


2 9/f6 to 3 


21 


.032 


1.00 


3 He to 3 >^ 


13 


.095 


.10 


3 Ke to 3 K 


14 


.083 


.15 


3 Ke to 3 >^ 


15 


.072 


.20 


3 Ke to 3 >^ 


16 


.065 


.30 


3 He to 3 y2 


17 


.058 


.40 


3 i-ie to 3 K 


18 


.049 


.55 



51 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 





Thickness 




Width 






Extra for 


Inches 






Size 




Gauge 


Decimal 




3 l{(. to 3 K 


19 


.042 


.75c 


3 Ke to 3 >^ 


20 


.035 


1.00 


3 ?f6 to 4 


13 


.095 


.10 


3 9/16 to 4 


14 


.083 


.15 


3 9{6 to 4 


15 


.072 


.20 


3 Ke to 4 


16 


.065 


.30 


3 S/fo to 4 


17 


.058 


.45 


3 Ke to 4 


18 


.049 


.70 


3 % to 4 


19 


.042 


.90 


4 Ke to 5 


13 


.095 


.15 


4 Me to 5 


14 


.083 


.20 


4 Ke to 5 


15 


.072 


.30 


4 Ke to 5 


16 


.065 


.50 


4 Ke to 5 


17 


.058 


.75 


5 /8 to 5 H 


13 


.095 


.20 


5 yitoS y& 


14 


.083 


.30 


5 i^ to 5 >^ 


15 


.072 


.50 


5 ystoS 7/s 


16 


.065 


.80 


5 to 6 3,^ 


13 


.095 


.30 


6 to 6 ^ 


14 


.083 


.40 


6 to 6 34 


15 


.072 


.60 


6 to 6 K^ 


16 


.065 


.90 


7 to8 ^ 


13 


.095 


.35 


7 to 8 ^^ 


14 


.083 


.50 



Throughout this list Birmingham Wire Gauge and the corresponding 
decimal equivalents are used. Extras are given in cents per pound. 

Additional Extras 

For cutting to specified lengths not less than 24 in 05c per lb. 

For cutting to specified lengths 12 in. to 24 in 20c per lb. 

Extra for cutting to specified lengths less than 12 in. will be furnished on 
application. 

F"or rounding one end of cut hoop 05c per lb . 

For rounding both ends of cut hoop 10c per lb. 



52 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



STRIP STEEL 

Strip Steel is rolled either hot or cold in accordance with the 
specification. It is made in many different tempers, finished in 
different ways and for all kinds of purposes, such as stamping, 
deep drawing, plating, enamelling, making of saw^ blades, gauges, 
safety razor blades, corset stays, etc. 

When ordering strip steel it is necessary, therefore, to mention 
besides the thickness or gauge, the width and the length, the 
kind of finish wanted and for w^hat use it is intended, in order 
to insure getting the right kind of material and the hardness and 
finish best suited fcr the purpose. 

Strip Steel in any standard width and gauge can be supplied 
either from warehouse or for prompt mill shipment. The price 
quoted will be the base price subject to the standard list of extras 
for size and gauge. According to size ordered, the material w411 
be shipped either in rolls packed in burlap, or well oiled in cases. 
Special packing can be obtained upon request and will be charged 
at cost. 



5.^ 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY. INC.. NEW YORK 



COLD 

Extras to be added 



etc.. as follows: 



ROLLED STRIP STEEL 

to base for size, annealing, cutting, pack- 



EXTRA FOR THICKNESS 

0.100-in. and thicker Base 

.050 to 0.099 •. $0.20 

.035 to .049 45 

.031 to .034 60 

.025 to .030 80 

.020 to .024 1.10 

.017 to .019 2.10 

.015 to .016 2.65 

.013 to .014 3.30 

.012 3.95 

.011 4.20 

.010 4.65 



EXTRAS FOR NARROW WIDTHS 

Under 1>2 in. to 1 in. inc. 

0.100 and thicker to 0.035 $0.25 

.034 to .020 40 

.019 to .010 .50 

Under 1 in. to ^ in. inc. 

0.100 and thicker to 0.035 ^ 45 

.034 to .020 60 

.019 to .010 70 



HOT ROLLED FINISHED STRIP STEEL 

Under 0.20 Carbon 
In coils, or cut to lengths 4 ft. to 16 ft., including shorter pieces that accrue 



in cutting. 



Gage 12 and heavier 

13 gage 

14 gage 

15 gage 

16 gage 

17 gage 

18 gage 

19 gage 

20 gage 



6 in. and 


6' 16 in. 




10 in. 


Base 


.10 


.10 


.20 


.20 


.30 


.30 


.40 


.40 


.50 


.50 


.60 


.60 


.70 


.70 




.80 





.30 
.40 
.50 



.25 
.25 
.25 
.40 
.40 
.40 
.55 
.55 



.25 
.30 
.35 
.40 
.45 
.50 
.55 
.60 
.65 



Cutting to lengths without end pieces 10 per cent extra 

Cutting to lengths 2 ft.-4 ft 10c. per 100 lb. extra 

Annealing 30c. per 100 lb. extra 



QUANTITY EXTRAS 

Less than 2000 lb. to 1000 lb. inc 15c. per 100 lb. extra 

Less than 1000 lb 35c. per 100 lb. extra 

54 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



COLD ROLLED AND COLD DRAWN STEEL 

Cold rolled and cold drawn steel is made of steel of uniform 
qualit}-, accurate to gauge and highly polished. The ends are 
either lathe or saw cut. 

Stock of this steel is usually kept in the following sizes and 
lengths: 

SHAFTING 
Rounds ^{q" to 41^6" diameter ] 16, 18, 20 
Squares ^g" to 29^6" diameter [ and 24 feet 
Hexagons J4" to 2" diameter J lengths 
Free cutting machine screw stock is kept in the same sizes as 
shafting in lengths of 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 and 24 feet. 
Other sizes and lengths can be made to order. 
Rounds for roller bearings, of a degree of hardness best suited 
to this particular purpose, are also made to order. 

Octagons are regularly made in sizes of ^g"? ^4"^ 1"^ l/le" ^nd 

Flats and round-edged flats can be furnished in sizes rang- 
ing from ^" to 3%j" ^^ width, and from }/&" to l^^g" in 
thickness. However, as the limits of one depend on the limits 
of the other, it is necessary to submit specifications of sizes 
wanted before we can determine whether they can be supplied. 

EXTRAS 



He to 
H to 
Keto 
Kto 
%to 

H to 



COLD ROLLED AND COLD DRAWN STEEL 

ROUNDS 

Per Pound 

H2 ^0.10 

.09K 



'42 07K 

H 06^ 

N'e 06 

^He 05K 

^ to IKe 05y2 

xyitoX^Vv, 05K 

Prices on rounds larger than 6-inch will be quoted on application, 
shafts 3% inch and larger turned and polished. 

FLATS 

Prices given are in cents per pound 



Per Pound 

2 to 3 $0.05 

3H6to3K6 05>^ 

3>^ to 31^6 05K' 

4 to 4^6 06 

4K to 41^6 06K 

5 to 5^6 07 

5K to S'Ke 07K 

6 08X 

All 



Thickness : 
Inc-hes 



^2- 



and %. 

to 5f6-- 

to Ke-- 

to S/fe.. 

to 1^6- 

to 1^6- 

to IKe-. 

to li'/ie- 

to 11'5<6. 

to 215/,;. 



to 3 



.^5 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

COLD ROLLED AND COLD DRAWN STEEL— Continued 
SQUARES AND HEXAGONS 

Per Pound Per Pound 

^-8 to 5,32 $0.14 i',g to % $0.07>^ 

K6to7^2 12 78 to 2 07 

X to 5/f6 10 2\i(, to 2^6 08 

H to 1-16 09 2K to 3 08K 

>^ to f8 08 >^ 3; 16 to 4 09 

SHAFTING-EXTRAS ON ROUNDS: 

List prices on sizes smaller than ^4" ^PPb' on screw stock 
quality in random mill lengths only. All other qualities or 
screw stock cut to accurate lengths — 15c. per 100 lb. net extra, 
in addition to usual extras for accuracy, short and long lengths 
and special carbon. 

EXTRAS FOR SPECIAL AND HIGH CARBON OPEN HEARTH STEELS 

Specified analysis — ^carbon .30% and less 25c. per 100 lb. net 

Specified analysis — phos. and sul., .05% max .25c. per 100 lb. net 

Specified analysis — carbon .30% and less, sulphur guar- 
anteed (under .05%) 50c. per 100 lb. net 

Specified analysis— carbon .31%, to .50% 50c. per 100 lb. net 

, BOXING AND BURLAPING 

Boxing (minimum 50c.) $0.20 per 100 lb. 

Burlaping (minimum 25c.), full length 15 per 100 lb. 

Burlaping of ends only 05 per 100 lb. 



% 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



RAILS 

Steel Rails are generally specified as either Bessemer or Open 
Hearth Steel, the latter being always about $2 to $3 per gross 
ton higher in price than the Bessemer. 

In sending specifications for Steel Rails, always be sure what 
section is wanted. The generally adapted section today is the 
AMERICAN STANDARD CIVIL ENGINEER'S SECTION, 
which is denoted with initials, A.S.C.E. 

The principal item in specifications for rails is the weight in 
pounds per running yard, or in kilos per running meter. 

The American sections run in the following weights per yard: 
12, 15, 16, 20, 25, 30, 40, 45, 50, 55, 56, 58, 60, 65, 66, 67, 70, 
72, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 110, 120, and 130 lbs. 

There is also a 140 and 150 lb. rail, but, as a rule, the rails 
above 95 lbs. are used onl}^ for Passenger Stations and Terminals. 

To be able to quote we must have definite and detailed speci- 
fications, such as: 

Quantity desired 

Weights per yard (or meter) 

Lengths 

What accessories are wanted, such as bolts and nuts, fish 
plates, tie plates, angle bars, etc., and whether accessor- 
ies are to be weighed in or separately. 

The price quoted on rails is always per gross ton and on rails 
only, not including any accessories unless specially stated. 

If a price is wanted on accessories also, it will be necessary to 
advise fully just what accessories are wanted. 

Splice Bars are generally sold in pairs, while Bolts and Nuts are 
sold per set. 

Rails are usually shipped in random lengths. If customers 
want the rails cut to an exact length this can be done at an 
extra charge of from $2.00 to $3.00 per gross ton. 

EXTRAS 

Per 100 Lb. 

LIGHT RAILS (45 LB. PER YARD AND UNDER) Extra 

Subject to following list of extras and differentials for size, quantity, etc.: 

25 lb. to 45 lb. per yd., inclusive, full carload lots Base 

16 lb. and 20 lb. per yd., full carload lots $0,045 

12 lb. and 14 lb. per yd., full carload lots 090 

8 lb. and 10 lb. per yd., full carload lots 135 

EXTRAS FOR LENGTH 

Special lengths down to, but not including 12 ft $0.09 

Special lengths 12 ft. and under 225 

For all 30-ft. lengths 045 

57 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., XKW YORK 



Rails and Fastenings per Mile of Single Track 

Rails 30-0" with 10'/ Shorts to 24-0" 



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58 



HlDALCiO STEEl. CcniPAXV, IXC, NEW YORK 



Rails and Fastenings per Mile of Single Track 
Rails 30-0" with 10' r Shorts to 24-0" 



siS 



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59 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

SPIKES 

The standard Spike used in America is the one illustrated 
below. In some foreign countries such as Russia, for instance, 
they also use a so-called Reinforced Spike and another one called 
a Dog Ear Spike, because of its head resembling that of a dog. 
Either one can be supplied by our mills. 

There is also a great variety of Screw Spikes used in some for- 
eign railroads. These Screw Spikes all require special drawings 
and specifications and have to be made to order. Therefore, 
when sending specifications for any of these, it is necessary to 
give us complete details. 

When ordering Spikes it is necessary to mention the weight of 
the rail for which they are to be used, because the size of the 
Spike is determined by the size of the rail. 



Standarrl American Spike 



■ipike 



60 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

EXTRAS 

STANDARD RAILROAD TRACK SPIKES 

Base size and quantity, and quantity- differential as given above for steel spikes. 

EXTRA AS FOLLOWS: 

Size Per 100 Lb. 

K6x4>^in $.25 

4 in 25 

3>^ in 25 

38x4>^in 40 

4 in 40 

3^ in 40 

3 in 40 

2K in 65 

5/f6x3Kin 95 

3 in 95 

21^ in 95 

2 in 1.30 

Reverse Point 25 

BOAT SPIKES 

Subject to the following list of extras: 

in . long Base 

in. long $0.15 extra 

in. long 15 extra 

in. long 15 extra 

in. long 20 extra 

in. long 30 extra 

in . long 45 extra 

in. long 75 extra 

in . long 1 .00 extra 

38 and J-fe shorter than 4 in., 25c. per 100 lb. extra. 



Size 

H ^ (>y2 in 


Per 100 Lb. 
Base 


6 in 


Base 


5 ^/2 in 


Base 


9 1 c x 6 i n 


Base 


5>. in 


Base 


5 in 


Base 


4K in 


Base 


>^ X 5 in 


$.15 


4^ in. ... 




4 in 




3^2 in 




3 in 





^in. 


square. 


12 to 24 


H in. 


square. 


12 to 24 


s/sin. 


square, 


8 to 16 


H in. 


square, 


6 to 16 


Kfi in. 


square, 


6 to 12 


H in. 


square, 


4 to 12 


Hfi in. 


square, 


4 to 8 


}^ in. 


square. 


4 to 8 


}i in. 


square, 


3 to 3y 



61 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



PIPE AND TUBING 

This particular subject does not require much discussion and 
elucidation, because most buyers of pipe and tubing know 
definitely for what purpose they are buying the material. The 
mere statement as for what the pipe is going to be used will 
indicate exactly upon what material to quote. 

The following are the most common kinds of pipe and tubing 
manufactured for the varied specific purposes. 

Cast Iron Pipe, used for water conduits, which comes in four 
specific grades, — Light, medium, heavy, and extra heavy, or 
Grade A, Grade B, Grade C, and Grade D. 

Grade A — with a hundred foot head, tested to 43 lbs. hydraulic 
pressure. 

Grade B — with a two hundred foot head, tested to 86 lbs., hy- 
draulic pressure. 

Grade C — with a three hundred foot head, tested to 130 lbs., 
hydraulic pressure. 

Grade D — with a four hundred foot head, tested to 173 lbs., 
hydraulic pressure. 

When specifying cast iron water pipes, give inside diameter in 
inches, thickness of the wall, and length per piece. 

Wrought Iron or Steel Welded Pipe, for steam, gas or water 
conduits. This tubing is made from li" to \" "Butt Welded," 
tested to 300 lbs., hydraulic pressure, and from \y^" up "Lap 
Welded," tested to 500 lbs., hydraulic pressure. 

Lap Welded Charcoal Iron Boiler Tubing, made for use in boilers, 
and manufactured in sizes from 1" up to and including 6" out- 
side diameter. 

Seamless Steel Tubing, which is the highest grade of tubing 
made, is manufactured in practically all standard sizes. It is 
used for a variety of purposes where a high grade tube, able 
to withstand great pressure and stress, is needed. When 
specifying Seamless Steel Tubing, it is necessary to give outside 
diameter in inches, and thickness of the wall. 

The most essential data required besides the size, is the kind of 
thread wanted, as there are two principal kinds of thread, each 
with itsown individual list price: The STANDARD AMERICAN 
THREAD, and the ENGLISH or WHITWORTH THREAD. 

While the number of American pipe mills equipped to make 
English Thread Pipe is proportionally small, yet their number 
and capacity are sufficient to cope with the demand. 

Another item of importance is whether or not accessories, 
such as joints, elbows, etc., etc., are wanted with the pipe, 
and, if so, just what accessories are to be figured upon. 

62 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, IXC, NEW YORK 

The price on pipe is fixed by what is known as the "Pipe List,'' 
and "Seamless Tubing List," and is fixed at so much per foot, less 
whatever discount is offered; this discount fluctuating frequently 
in proportion with the rise and fall of the cost of raw materiaL 
Prices on American Thread Pipe are quoted on the American 
List, less discount, and on English Thread is, of course, subject 
to the English list. 

There is another item of importance to mention in specifi- 
cations calling for pipe and tubing, namely, the finish, whether 
Black Pipe, Galvanized Pipe, Brass Lined Seamless Tubing, etc. 

In cable quotations, for the sake of saving cable expenses, 
usually only the discount is mentioned. This is done on the sup- 
position that the buyers have our handbook. 

WROUGHT IRON AND STEEL PIPE 

STANDARD AMERICAN THREADS FOR STEAM, GAS AND WATER 
BLACK AND GALVANIZED 



Nominal 






Nominal 


Number of 


Size, Inside 


List 


Thickness 


WeiRht per 


Threads 


Diameter, 


Price 


Inches 


Foot 


per Inch of 


Inches 


per Foot 




Pounds 


Screw 


yi 


^0.05^ 


.068 


.245 


27 


yi 


.06 


.088- 


.425 


18 


H 


.06 


.091 


.568 


18 


K 


.08 >^ 


.109 


.852 


14 


^4 


.UK 


.113 


1.134 


14 


1 


.17 


.133 


1.684 


UK 


Mi 


.23 


.140 


2.281 


iiK 


IK 


.27K 


.145 


2.731 


iiK 


9 


.37 


.154 


3.678 


iiK 


lyi 


.58K 


.203 


5.819 


8 


3 


.76K 


.216 


7.616 


8 


3K 


.92 


.226 


9.202 


8 


4 


1.09 


.237 


10.889 


8 


fK 


1.27 


.247 


12.642 


8 


5 


1.48 


.258 


14.810 


8 


6 


1.92 


.280 


19.185 


8 


7 


2.38 


.301 


23.769 


8 


8 


2.50 


.277 


25.000 


8 


8 


2.88 


.322 


28.809 


8 


9 


3.45 


.342 


34.188 


8 


10 


3.20 


.279 


32.000 


8 


10 


3.50 


.307 


35.000 


8 


10 


4.12 


.365 


41.132 


8 


12 


4.50 


.330 


45.000 


8 


12 


5.07 


.375 


50.706 


8 


13 


5.60 


.375 


55.824 


8 


14 


6.10 


.375 


60.375 


8 


15 


6.50 - 


.375 


64.500 


8 



LTnless otherwise ordered, Black Pipe, in random lengths, with threads and 
couplings will be shipped. 

For selected or cut lengths an extra charge will be made above random 
lengths. 

63 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

For pipe smoothed on the inside, known as "plugged and reamed," an 
extra charge will be made above regular pipe. 

For Galvanized or Tar Coated pipe an extra charge will be made above 
Black. 

When ordering sizes 8 inch to 12 inch, state weight of pipe wanted. 



X STRONG AND XX STRONG PIPE 

BLACK AND GALVANIZED 
Standard American Threads 





List 


Actual 


Nominal 




Nominal 




Price 


Outside 


Inside 


Thickness 


Weight 


Size 


per Foot 


Diameter 


Diameter 




per Foot 






Inches 


Inches 




Pounds 




K 


$0.07/2 


.540 


.302 


.119 


.535 




H 


.07K 


.675 


.423 


.126 


.738 




'A 


.11 


.840 


.546 


.147 


1.087 




3 4 


.15 


1.050 


.742 


.154 


1.473 




1 


.22 


1.315 


.957 


.179 


2.171 




15'4 


.30 


1.660 


1.278 


.191 


2.996 




I'K 


.36K 


1.9C0 


1 .500 


.200 


3.631 




2 


.50/ 


2.375 


1.939 


.218 


5.022 


1 


2^ 


.77 


2.875 


2.323 


.276 


7.661 


3 


1.03 


3.500 


2.900 


.300 


10.252 


.^1 


■ 3>^ 


1.25 


4.000 


3.364 


.318 


12.505 


C<5 


4 


1.50 


4.500 


3.826 


.337 


14.983 


X 


41^ 


1.80 


5.000 


4.290 


.355 


17.611 




5 


2.08 


5.563 


4.813 


.375 


20.778 




6 


2.86 


6.625 


5.761 


.432 


28.573 




7 


3.81 


7.625 


6.625 


.500 


38,048 




8 


4.34 


8.625 


7.625 


.500 


43.388 




9 


4.90 


9.625 


8.625 


.500 


48.728 




10 


5.48 


10.750 


9.750 


.500 


54.735 




12 


6.55 


12.750 


11.750 


.500 


65.415 




K 


i?0.32 


.840 


.252 


.294 


.714 






.35 


1 .050 


.434 


.308 


2.440 




1^ 


.37 


1.315 


.599 


.358 


3.659 




lJ-4 


.52K 


1.660 


.896 


.382 


5.214 


•OB 

o 


IK 


.65 


1.900 


1.100 


.400 


6.408 


2 


.91 


2.375 


1 .503 


.436 


9.029 


h 


2K 


1.37 


2.875 


1.771 


.552 


13.695 


cc 


3 


1.86 


3.500 


2.300 


.600 


18.583 


X 


3K 


2.30 


4.000 


2.728 


.636 


22.850 


X 


4 


2.76 


4.500 


3.152 


.674 


27.541 




4K 


3.26 


5.000 


3.580 


.710 


32.530 




5 


3.86 


5.563 


4.063 


.750 


38.552 




I 6 


5.32 


6.625 


4.897 


.864 


53.160 



Extra Strong and Double Extra Strong Pipe will be shipped in random 
lengths and with plain ends unless otherwise ordered. 

Random lengths Extra Strong and Double Extra Strong Pipe is considered 
to be 12 feet to 20 feet. 

If fitted with threads and couplings an extra charge will be made above 
regular. When Extra Strong and Double Extra Strong Pipe is ordered with 
threads and couplings our regular Line Pipe Couplings will be furnished, unless 
otherwise specified. 

For cut lengths an extra charge will be made above random lengths. For 
Galvanized or Tar Coated Pipe an extra charge will be made above Black. 

64 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



ENGLISH STANDARD THREADS— STEAM TUBES 

PAINTED RED AND GALVANIZED 
All Weights and Dimensions are Nominal 



Nominal 


Weight 


Per 
-Meter 
Kilos 


Outside 
Diameter 


Threads 
Per 


List 




m m 


Per Foot 


Price 


Diameter 






Per 


Inches 




Pounds 




Inches 


m,m 


Inch 


Foot 


>8 


3.17 


.ii 


.491 


.406 


10.31 


28 


0/3K 


y^ 


6.35 


.44 


.655 


.531 


13.49 


19 


0/3K 


H 


9.52 


.67 


.997 


.687 


17.45 


19 


0/4 


y2 


12.70 


.94 


1.399 


.844 


21.44 


14 


0/5 


H 


19.05 


1.48 


2.202 


1.062 


26.97 


14 


0/6K 


1 


25.40 


2.03 


3.021 


1.344 


34.14 




0/9 


IK 


31.75 


2.92 


4.345 


1.687 


42.85 




1/1 


IK 


38.10 


3.56 


5.298 


1.906 


48.41 




1/4 


m 


44.45 


4.26 


6.340 


2.156 


54.76 




1/8 


2>4 


57.15 


5.74 


8.542 


2.375 


60.32 




1/10 


2 


50.80 


4.83 


7.188 


2.625 


66.68 




2/6 


2K 


63.50 


6.29 


9.360 


3 


76.20 




2/9 


234 


69.85 


6.85 


10.194 


3.25 


82.55 




3/0 


3 


76.20 


7.40 


11.012 


3.5 


88.90 




i/i 


3K 


88.90 


8.50 


12.650 


4 


101.60 




4/3 


4 


101.60 


9.60 


14.287 


4.5 


114.30 




4/9 


4K 


114.30 


12.80 


19.049 


5 


127.00 




5/6 


5 


127.00 


14.20 


21.132 


5.5 


139.70 




6/0 


6 


152.40 


17.04 


25.359 


6.5 


165.10 




7/6 



ENGLISH STANDARD THREADS— GAS TUBES 

BLACK AND GALVANIZED 
All Weights and Dimensions are Nominal 



Nominal 


Weight 


Per 


Outside 


No. 


List 


Inside 




Per Foot 


Meter 
Kilos 






Threads 
Per 


Price 


Diameter 






Per 


Inches 


m/m 


Pounds 




Inches 


m/m 


Inch 


Foot 


H 


3.17 


.240 


.357 


.406 


10.31 


28 


0/3K 


y 


6.35 


.421 


.627 


.531 


13.49 


19 


0/3K 


H 


9.52 


.568 


.845 


.687 


17.45 


19 


0/4 


y 


12.70 


.865 


1.287 


.844 


1\A\ 


14 


0/5 


Ya 


19.05 


1.156 


1.720 


1.062 


26.91 


14 


0/6K 


1 


25.40 


1.726 


2.569 


1.344 


34.14 




0/9 


IK 


31.75 


2.325 


3.460 


1.687 


42.85 




1/1 


IK 


38.10 


2.768 


4.119 


1.906 


48.41 




1/4 


IK 


44.45 


3.380 


5.030 


2.156 


54.76 




1/8 


2 


50.80 


3.704 


5.512 


2.375 


60.32 




1/10 


2K 


57.15 


4.80 


7.143 


2.625 


66.68 




2/6 


2K 


63.50 


5.26 


7.828 


3 


76.20 




2/9 


2K 


69.85 


5.73 


8.527 


3.25 


82.55 




3/0 


3 


76.20 


6.22 


9.256 


■l.h 


88.90 




3/3 


3K 


88.90 


7.34 


10.923 


4 


101.60 




4/3 


4 


101.60 


8.33 


12.396 


4.5 


114.30 




4/9 


4K 


114.30 


9.77 


14.539 


5 


127.00 




5/6 


5 


127.00 


10.50 


15.626 


5.5 


139.70 




6/0 


6 


152.40 


12.50 


18.602 


6.5 


165.10 




7/6 



65 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



TOOL STEEL 

The art of making tool steel goes back to the very cradle of civi- 
lization. The science of it is but a few decades old. Long before 
man needed steel rails and steel bridges, he was using steel arrows 
and steel spears. 

Although centuries ago the making of tools, particularly arms, 
had become quite an art, it did not enter into the definite realms 
of an exact science until the latter part of the last century. 

The sword makers of Damascus and Toledo turned out blades 
that are unexcelled even today. These artisans knew that the 
desired flexibility and hardness of their blades were obtained by 
slowly heating iron bars in charcoal fires, carefully drawing them 
out, bending them back, tempering them in beef tallow to refine 
the grain and repeating the process dozens of times. They had 
no idea of the chemical reactions and structural changes that 
were responsible for the results. 

The Sheffield pioneers who conceived the idea of melting pieces 
of iron together in a closed pot, or crucible, realized very soon that 
Swedish iron produced better results than the ordinary grade. 
This was for a long time ascribed solely to the greater purity of 
Swedish iron. Today we know that the traces of vanadium and 
other alloys contained in this iron are playing quite a part of 
their own in improving the quality of the steel. 

Up to the latter part of last century, tool steel making was 
still supposed to be a sort of hereditary art descending from father 
to son. Its supposed secret was most jealously guarded by 
European Mills. As soon as America entered the field to any con- 
siderable extent, the mystery made room for the testing labora- 
tory and the pyrometer. Heat treatment and the use of alloys 
were given scientific study. Their effect upon steel under certain 
conditions, together with the chemical and physical changes they 
produced in steel, were indexed and tabulated. The result is 
that we are today nearer to the production of ideal tool steel than 
we have ever been before, although the goal has not quite yet 
been reached. 

Although for almost every other purpose hardness may, to a cer- 
tain extent, be sacrificed to obtain greater toughness, and vice 
versa, tool steel must possess both. A chisel, for instance, must 
not only be suflficiently tough to resist the blows of the hammer, 
it must also be harder than the beam or rail it is to cut. A high 
speed drill not only must be harder than the armor plate it is to 
work upon, but it must also have enough toughness to resist the 
torsional strain which tends to break it. In addition, both must 

66 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

possess the quality of being forged, tempered and ground by an 
ordinary tool dresser and without the services of a high class 
expert who is not always available. 

For commercial purposes tool steel can be roughly classified 
under two headings: 

High Speed Steel (air or oil hardening) 
Carbon Steel (water tempering) 

HIGH SPEED STEEL 

High Speed Steel is a modern invention to keep pace with the 
ever-increasing speed of the modern machine. It is used so far 
only for tools that work with comparatively little shock, but re- 
quire a very hard, long lasting cutting edge, an edge that will 
do its work even when considerably heated up, as is the case of 
a lathe workmg at a speed of several hundred feet a minute 
turning off burning hot chips. 

These qualities are obtained by the admixture to the iron of 
other metals, such as: tungsten, chromium, vanadium, iridium, 
molybdenum, cobalt, etc. The use of these alloys while increas- 
ing the lasting power and capacity for great speed of tool steel, 
makes it harder to work than ordinary carbon steel. Further- 
more, the greater or smaller proportion of one or the other of the 
alloys contained in high speed steel, although possibly producing 
the same ultimate result as to the quality of the finished tool, 
may materially change the method of working the steel. There- 
fore, when using any kind of high speed steel, it is wise always 
first to ascertain the method of tempering best suited for it. 

CARBON TOOL STEEL 

Carbon Tool Steel is used for such tools as: crow bars, wedges, 
picks, coal cutters, sets, blacksmiths' tools, chisels, cutlery, 
mining drills, stamping dies, punches, threading dies, files, drills, 
razors, milling cutters, and lathe tools, although for many of the 
last-named purposes, it is being more and more replaced by high 
speed steel. Carbon steel is generally hardened in water. It 
gets its name from the fact that carbon is the agent which gives 
it its hardness. However, even for this class of steel various 
alloys are now being used to obtain certain desirable properties, 
such as greater toughness, increased resistance to vibration, etc. 

Because of the great variety of uses to which carbon steel 
is put, it is practically impossible to manufacture one brand that 
would be equally satisfactory for all of them. For this reason, 
it is usually made in from five to ten different degrees of hardness, 
each best suited for the work foi which it is destined. Even a 
layman may appreciate that a wedge tool for splitting trees 

67 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

which has nothing hard to cut, but gets a lot of pounding, re- 
quires properties entirely different from those of a threading die, 
cutting hard cast iron pipe, and having no shocks of any great 
violence to absorb. 

Quality: The quality of tool steel is determined solely 
by its purity (freedom from noxious elements) and has absolutely 
nothing to do with its hardness. In carbon steel hardness is 
obtained by the addition of more or less carbon to the steel, and 
this is but an insignificant item in its cost of manufacture. The 
degree of hardness desirable in tool steel should be left for our 
expert to determine, because, on account of his experience, he is 
usually best qualified to decide the question. 

We, therefore, very urgently recommend that when ordering 
tool steel you give us, besides the profiles, dimensions, lengths 
and number of bars wanted, the exact use that is to be made oj the 
tools; state also whether carbon or high speed steel is wanted. 
You may then trust our experts to see to it that you will get 
the degree of hardness and toughness best calculated to meet 
your requirements. 



EXTRAS 

HIGH SPEED TOOL STEEL 

Subject to established customs of trade, and with following extras: 

All dimensions inclusive. Intermediate sizes take the next higher extra. 

Base sizes — Round, square and octagon, f| in. to 2 in. inclusive; flat, ^ in. 
to 2 in. thick by ^a in. to 2 in. wide. 

EXTRA SIZES 

Round, Square and Octagon 

Extra Extr 

Per Lb Per Lb 

Inches Cents Inches Cents 

% to K 2.0 3^8' to 4 3.5 

Ke to iA 3.5 \yito A}4 4.0 

Ke to 11^2 6.0 m to 5 4.5 

Kto ^2 8.5 51/^ to 5K 5.0 

2]d to 2K 2.0 55^ to 6 5.5 

2H to 3 2.5 6>^ to 6K 6.0 

33^ to 3>^ 3.0 6^ to 7 6.5 

68 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

EXTR.\ SIZES 

Flat 

Extra Extra 

Per Lb. Per Lb. 

Inches Cents Inches Cents 

H^ he 40.0 Hxlf8to5 2.5 

yix % 30.0 ^fgx j^tol 3.0 

yix 5,f6-. 20.0 li^xl^/ito 5}4 2.5 

yix i/ito2 14.0 yix fg to 1 : 2.5 

^6X Xto3 14.0 yixly&tod 2.0 

K X Ke to >^ 8.0 9/16 X J8 to 1 2.5 

Kx fi to 1 5.0 ?/i6xl>^to6 2.0 

Xxl>gto4 3.0 ^ to 2 X ^8to2 0.0 

^fe X fi8 to ^ 5.0 ^-8 to 2 X 2>i to 4 2.0 

5<6 X ^ to 1 3.5 5,8 to 2 X 41^ to 7 4.0 

?f6xl>^to4i^ 3.0 2^^ to 3 X 2^g to 4 2.0 

^ X Ke to ,34' 3.0 2>8 to 3 X 4^ to 7 4.0 

H X 7-8 to \j4 3.0 

Intermediate sizes take the next higher extra. 

Annealing, 2c. per lb. extra. 

Bevels, same classification as flats, plus 10c. per lb. for shape. 



CARBON TOOL STEEL 

Subject to established customs of trade, and with following 
extras: 

All Dimensions inclusive. Intermediate sizes take the next higher extra. 

Base sizes — Round, square and octagon, ^i in. to 2 in. inclusive. Flat, 
5 in. to 2 in. thick by ^fg in. to 2 in. wide. 



EXTRA SIZES 

Round, Square and Octagon 

Extra Extra 

Per Lb. Per Lb. 

Inches Cents Inches Cents 

2>^ to 3 1.0 VittoH 1.0 

3>^to4 1.5 ^6toil<2 2.0 

4>^ to 5 2.0 X to % 3.0 

5>^ to 6 2.5 3^6 5.0 

61/^ to 7 3.0 Hi 10.0 

7^ to 8 3.5 yi 18.0 



%to>^ 0.5 



69 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

EXTRA SIZES 

Flat 

Extra , Extra 

Per Lb. Per Lb. 

Inches Cents Inches Cents 

>ix Ha 20.0 Mex H to fs 1.5 

H^ H 15.0 ?4x *i4to8 1.0 

ysx Ke 8.0 M X ^ to 8 1 .0 

yix H - 4.0 3^6 X J4 to 8. 1.0 

>^ X Kg to K 3.0 >^x Ke toS 1.0 

ysx % to 7 2.0 9/li;x2>^ to 8 1.0 

^x7>^to8 3.0 %to2 x fs' to 2 0,0 

S/fex K 5.0 ^to2 x2>^to7 1.0 

He X ^6 4.0 f^ to 134 x 7>^ to 8 1.0 

3/f6X H 3.0 l>^to2 x7>^to8 1.5 

^fex % t6 ^ 2.0 lyitoS x2>gto5 1.0 

Kex 1^6 to 2 1.5 2>^to3 x 5>^ to 8 1.5 

H^xiys to 7 1.0 3>^ to 4 x3>^to6 1.5 

H^xiys to 8 2.0 3>^ to 4 X 6>^ to 8 2.0 

K X ^-lii to ^8 2.0 41^ to 5 X 4>^ to 7 2.0 

><x Ke to fg 1.5 4>^to5 x7>^to8 2.5 

XxiK6to2 1.5 5>^to6 x5i^to8 2.5 

Kx2i^ to 7 1.0 6>^ to 7 x6>ito7 3.0 

}4 x7ys to 8 2.0 6>'^ to 8 x 7i/^ to 8 3.5 

Intermediate sizes take the next higher extra. 

Annealed Steel Ic. per lb. extra. 



CUTTING TO SPECIFIED SINGLE AND MULTIPLE LENGTHS 

Per Lb. 
Cents 

24 inches or over 0.5 

18 to 24 inches 1.0 

12 to 18 inches 1.5 

6 to 12 inches 2.0 

Less than 6 inches, special price. Over 18 feet, special price. 



70 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 

PIG IRON 

Utmost care should be taken with regard to Pig Iron inquiries 
as there are different grades, all of which are quoted in different 
prices, the difference at times being as much as from $20.00 to 
S30.00 per gross ton. Generally speaking, the following are the 
most familiar grades of Pig Iron: 

BASIC PIG IRON: (Used for making basic open hearth steel) 

STANDARD BESSEMER PIG IRON: (For making Besse- 
mer Steel) 
HEMATITE PIG IRON 
FOUNDRY PIG IRON: 

No. 1 Foundry Pig Iron 
No. Ix Foundry Pig Iron 
No. 2 Foundry Pig Iron 
No. 2x Foundry Pig Iron 
No. 3 Foundry Pig Iron 
No. 4 Foundry Pig Iron 
All Pig Iron inquiries should particularly mention the exact 
chemical analysis of the material wanted. 

STANDARD BESSEMER PIG IRON for making Bessemer 
Steel: 

Silicon: 1.00 to 2.00% 
Sulphur: Not over .05% 
Phosphorus: Not over .10% 

BASIC PIG IRON for Basic Open Hearth Steel: 
Silicon: Under l.CC<?^ 
Sulphur: Under .05% 
Phosphorus: Under .50% 

(Some Southern Pig Iron may show as much as 1.00% of 
Phosphorus) 

HEMATITE PIG IRON for use in making acid Bessemer Steel: 
Silicon: About 2.50% 
Sulphur: About .035% 
Phosphorus: About .035% to .06% 

LOW PHOSPHORUS PIG IRON for low Phosphorus Steel: 
(This is the highest price Pig Iron sold) 
Silicon: 1 to 2.00% 
Sulphur: Not over .035%o 
Phosphorus: Not over .035% 

NO. 1 FOUNDRY PIG: 

Silicon: lYi to 3>^%. Sulphur: Not over .004. Phosphorus: 1.00%. 

NO. 2 FOUNDRY PIG: 

Silicon: 13^ to 31^2%. Sulphur: .005%. Phosphorus: 1.25%,. 

71 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



TABLES FOR COMPUTING WEIGHT OF STEEL 

Weight in Lbs. of a Lineal Foot of Round, Octagon and Square Steel 



Size in 
Inches 


Round 


Octagon 


Square 


Size in 
Inches 


Round 


Octagon 


Square 


J-ie 


.010 


.011 


.Q13 


2K 


16.79 


17.71 


21.37 


'A 


.042 


.044 


. 053 


258 


18.51 


19.52 


23 . 56 


Vx^ 


.094 


.099 


.120 


2^4 


20.31 


21.42 


25 . 86 


y 


.168 


.177 


.214 


2-8 


22.30 


23.41 


28.27 


Ht 


.262 


.277 


.334 


3 


24.17 


25.50 


30.78 


H 


.378 


.398 


.491 


iyi 


26.23 


27.66 


i?> . 40 


Ik 


.514 


.542 


. 655 


i'A 


28.37 


29.92 


36.12 


yi 


.671 


.708 


. 855 


2>H 


30.59 


32.27 


38.95 


^6 


.850 


.896 


1.082 


3K 


32.90 


34.70 


41.89 


H 


1.049 


1.107 


1 . 336 


358 


35.29 


37.23 


44.94 


"46 


1.270 


1 . 339 


1.616 


334 


37.77 


39.84 


48.09 


H 


1.511 


1 . 594 


1.924 


3 7g 


40.33 


42.54 


51.35 


'H(. 


1.773 


1.870 


2 . 258 


4 


42.97 


•45.33 


54.72 


H 


2.056 


2.169 


2.618 


4'-4 


48.51 


51.17 


61.77 


'^46 


2.361 


2.490 


3.006 


4K 


54.39 


57.37 


69 . 25 


1 


2.686 


2 . 833 


3 . 420 


434 


60.60 


63.92 


77.16 


iKs 


3.399 


3 . 585 


4.328 




67.15 


70.83 


85 . 50 


1>< 


4.197 


4.427 


5 . 344 


5/4 


74.03 


78.08 


94.26 


UA 


5.078 


5.356 


6.466 


5K 


81.25 


85 . 70 


103.45 


IK 


6.044 


6.374 


7 . 695 


5-^4 


88.80 


93.67 


113.07 


UA 


7.093 


7.481 


9.031 


6 


96.69 


101.99 


123.12 


m 


8.226 


8.674 


10.474 


7 


131.61 


138.82 


167.58 


IH 


9.443 


9.960 


12.023 


8 


171.90 


181.32 


218.88 


2 


10.744 


1 1 . 332 


13.680 


9 


217.57 


229.48 


277.02 


2 A 


12.129 


12.793 


15.443 


10 


268 . 60 


283.31 


342. 


1% 


13.598 


14.343 


17.314 


11 


325.01 


342 . 80 


413.82 


2H 


15.151 


15.981 


19.291 


12 


386 . 79 


407.97 


492 . 48 



72 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, LXC, NEW YORK 



TABLES FOR COMPUTING WEIGHT OF STEEL 

Weight in Lbs. of a Lineal Foot of Flat Steel 











Thickness 








Width 
















Inch 


















38 


' + 


H 


''' 


?8 


^4 


^ 


} 2 


.214 


.428 


.641 










H 


.267 
.321 
.374 


. 534 
.641 

.748 


.802 

.962 

1.122 


" 1.069 
1 . 283 
1.496 








■ 1.603 
1.870 






"2 '244' 




1 


.427 


.855 


1 . 283 


1.710 


2.138 


2 . 565 




\H 


.481 


.962 


1.443 


1.924 


2.405 


2.886 


■■3' 848' 


I'i 


.534 


1.069 


1 . 603 


2.138 


2.672 


3 . 206 


4.275 


U'8 


.588 


1.176 


1 . 763 


2.351 


2.939 


3.527 


4.703 


^V2 


.641 


1 . 283 


1.924 


2 . 565 


3 . 206 


3 . 848 


5.130 


\H 


.695 


1.389 


2.084 


2.779 


3.473 


4.168 


5 . 558 


1^4 


.748 


1.496 


2.244 


2.993 


3.741 


4.489 


5.985 


1-8 


.802 


1.603 


2.405 


3.206 


4.008 


4.809 


6.413 


2 


.855 


1.710 


2.565 


3.420 


4.275 


5.130 


6.840 


2M 


.908 


1.817 


2.725 


3.634 


4.542 


5.451 


7.268 


2>4 


.962 


1.924 


2.886 


3 . 848 


4.809 


5.771 


7.695 


248 


1.015 


2.031 


3.046 


4.061 


5.077 


6.092 


8.123 


2K 


1.069 


2.138 


3 . 206 


4.275 


5 . 344 


6.413 


8.550 


2H 


1.122 


2.244 


3.367 


4.489 


5.611 


6.733 


8.978 


2^4 


1.176 


2.351 


3.527 


4.703 


5 . 878 


7.054 


9.405 


3 


1 . 283 


2.565 


3 . 848 


5.130 


6.413 


7.695 


10.260 


3K 


1 . 389 


2.779 


4.168 


5 . 558 


6.947 


8 . 336 


11.115 


3K 


1.496 


2.993 


4.489 


5 . 985 


7.481 


8.978 


11.970 


33.4 


1.603 


3 . 206 


4.809 


6.413 


8.016 


9.619 


12.825 


4 


1.710 


3.420 


5.130 


6.840 


8.550 


10.260 


13.680 


4K 


1.817 


3 . 634 


5.451 


7.268 


9.084 


10.901 


14.535 


4K 


1.924 


3 . 848 


5.771 


7.695 


9.619 


11.542 


15.390 


434 


2.031 


4.061 


6.092 


8.123 


10.153 


12.184 


16.245 


5 


2.138 


4.275 


6.413 


8.550 


10.688 


12.825 


17.100 


5K 


2.244 


4.489 


6.733 


8.978 


11.222 


13.466 


17.955 


5M 


2.351 


4.703 


7.054 


9.405 


11.756 


14.108 


18.810 


534 


2.458 


4.916 


7.374 


9.833 


12.291 


14.749 


19.665 


6 


2.565 


5.130 


7 . 695 


10.260 


12.825 


15.390 


20.520 



7Z 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



Handy Tables of Equivalents in Metric 
Measurements 

Conversion of Pounds into Kilograms 

1 lb. = 0.454. kg.; 1 kg. = 2.205 lbs. 



u 





1 


2 


3 


4 


5 


6 


7 


8 


9 



10 
20 
30 
40 
50 
60 
70 
80 
90 


4.536 
9.072 
13.608 
18.144 
22.680 
27.216 
31.751 
36.287 
40.823 


.454 
4.989 
9.525 
14.061 
18.597 
23.133 
27.669 
32.205 
36.741 
41.277 


.907 

5.443 
9.979 
14.515 
19.051 
23.587 
28.123 
32.659 
37.195 
41.731 


1.361 
5.896 
10.432 
14.968 
19.504 
24.040 
28.576 
33.112 
37.648 
42.184 


1.814 
6.350 
10.886 
15.422 
19.958 
24.494 
29.030 
33.566 
38.102 
42.638 


2.268 
6.804 
11.340 
15.876 
20.412 
24.948 
29.484 
34.019 
38.555 
43.091 


2.722 
7.257 
11.793 
16.329 
20.865 
25.401 
29.937 
34.473 
39.009 
43.545 


3.175 
7.711 
12.247 
16.783 
21.319 
25.855 
30.391 
34.927 
39.463 
43.999 


3.629 
8.165 
12.701 
17.237 
21.773 
26.308 
30.844 
35.380 
39.916 
44.452 


4.082 
8.618 
13.154 
17.690 
22.226 
26.762 
31.298 
35.834 
40.370 
44.906 



KILOGRAMS TO POUNDS 
1 Kilo to 99 Kilos, advancing by 1 Kilo 







10 


20 


30 


40 50 


60 


70 


80 


.0 




Lbs. 


Lbs. 


Lbs. 


Lbs. 


Lbs. 


Lbs. 


Lbs. 


Lbs. 


Lbs. 


Lbs. 







22.046 


44.0^2 


66.138 


88.184 


110.230 


132.276 


1.54.322 


176.368 


198.414 


1 


2.2046 


24.250 


46.297 


68.343 


90.389 


112.435 


1.U.481 


156.527 


178.573 


200.619 


2 


4.4092 


26.455 


48.501 


70.547 


92.593 


114.639 


1,>6.685 


1.58.731 


180.777 


202 .H2.^ 


3 


6.6138 


28.660 


50.706 


72.752 


94.798 


116.844 


138.890 


160.936 


182.982 


205.028 


4 


; 8.8184 


30.864 


52.910 


74.956 


97.002 


119.048 


141.094 


163.140 


185.186 


207.232 


5 


11.0230 


33.069 


55.115 


77.161 


99.207 


121.253 


143.299 


165.345 


187.391 


209.437 


6 


13.2276 


35.274 


57.320 


79.366 


101.412 


123.458 


145.504 


167.550 


189.596 


211.642 


7 


15.4322 


37.478 


59.524 


81.570 


103.616 


125.662 


147.708 


169.754 


191.800 


213.846 


8 


17.6368 


39.683 


61.729 


83.775 


105.821 


127.867 


149.913 


1 7 1 .959 


194.005 


216.051 


9 


19.8414 


41.887 


63.933 


85.979 


108.025 


l.?0.071 


152.117 


174.163 


196.209 


218.255 



74 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, IXC, NEW YORK 



Alter one decimal place for each division or multiple of the kilogram . 

Example — 54 lbs. = 24.494 kilograms, = 244.94 hectograms = 24494 
grams. 

546 lbs. = 540 lbs. = 244.94 
61bs. = 2.72 



247.66 kgs. 

Thumb rule for calculating pounds into kilos: Deduct 10 per cent, from the 
number of pounds and divide the balance by 2. This is the equivalent number 
of kilos. 

Funk and Wagnall's "New Standard Dictionary of the English Language' 
defines the pound as "a variable unit of weight or mass." The avoirdupois 
pound is 0.454 kg. while the Troy and apothecary pound is equal to 0.373 kg. 
The meaning of the pound varies in many countries. The Spanish lb. (libra) 
still used to some extent in the retail trade in Spain and many of the Spanish- 
American countries is 0.460 kg.; the Russian lb. (funt) =0.40 kg.; the old 
Italian = 0.333 kg.; the French, German, Danish pound (formerly used) is 
0.500 kg.; the Portuguese and Brazilian lb. (arratel) is 0.459 kg.; the Swedish 
lb. = 0.425 kg. Haiti's official pound is 0.500 kg. and so on. 

The only universal measure of weight, which represents everywhere the 
same exact amount is the kilogram = 2.205 pounds. It is unchangeable and 
unmistakable. 



75 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



HANDY TABLES OF EQUIVALENTS IN METRIC MEASURE- 

MENTS—Continued 

Conversion of Inches Into Centimeters 

1 inch = 2.54 cm.; 1 cm. =0.39 inches 



Ins. 





1 


2 


3 


4 


5 


6 


7 


8 


9 







2.54 


5.08 


7.62 


10.16 


12.70 


15.24 


17.78 


20.32 


22.86 


10 


25.40 


27.94 


30.48 


30.02 


35.56 


38.10 


40.64 


43.18 


45.72 


48.26 


20 


50.80 


53.34 


55.88 


58.42 


60.96 


63.50 


66.04 


68.58 


71.22 


73.66 


30 


76.20 


78.74 


81.28 


83.82 


86.36 


88.90 


91.44 


93.98 


96.52 


99.06 


40 


101.60 


104.14 


106.68 


109.22 


111.76 


114.30 


116.84 


119.38 


121.92 


124.46 


50 


127.00 


129.54 


132.08 


134.62 


137.16 


139.70 


142.24 


144.78 


147.32 


140.86 


60 


152.40 


154.94 


157.48 


160.02 


162.56 


165.10 


167.64 


170.18 


172.72 


175.26 


70 


177.80 


180.34 


182.88 


185.42 


187.96 


190.50 


193.04 


195.58 


198.12 


200.66 


80 


20,^.20 


205.74 


208.28 


210.82 


213.36 


215.90 


218.44 


220.98 


223.52 


226.06 


90 


228.60 


231.14 


233.68 


236.22 


238.76 


241.30 


243.84 


246.38 


248.92 


251.46 



Example — 41 inclies= 104.14 cm. 

410 inches =1041.4 cm. 

419 inches = 410" = 1041.4 cm. 

9"= 22.86 cm. 



1 mm. =0.039 inch. 
1 centimeter = 0.39 inch. 
1 decimeter = 3.9 inches. 
1 meter = 39.37 inches. 

1 inch = 0.0254 meter. 

1064.26cm. 1 inch = 2.54 cm. 

About 10 meters 64 cm. 1 inch = 25.4 mm. 

If equivalents should be expressed in millimeters, advance decimal point 
one place to the right. 

Inches are only used in countries where English or Russian is spoken, also 
in most British and American dependencies. In all other countries it is 
preferable to use the metric measurements because the inch used there form- 
erly differs quite considerably from the English inch. Thus every Spanish 
Encyclopedia gives the equivalent of an inch as 23 mm., the Prussian inch 
is 26.15 mm., the French inch equals 25.5 mm., the Swedish inch is 33.7 mm. 
the Swiss inch is 33.3 mm., and so on. One French inch has 12 "iignes." 
No such discrepancies are possible with the centimeter. In calculating 
equivalents of whole inches never go further with the decimal than to whole 
millimeters, for instance: 10 inches = 254 mm.; in fractions of inches you may 
go as far as decimals of mm. — but no further — unless hundredths or thousandths 
of an inch are given. 

Centimeters to Inches 



c/m 


Ins. 


10 


20 


30 


40 


50 


60 


70 


80 


90 




Ins. 


Ins. 


Ins. 


Ins. 


Ins. 


Ins. 


Ins. 


Ins. 


Ins. 







3.937 


7.874 


11.811 


15.748 


19.685 


23.(^22 


27.559 


31.496 


35.433 


1 


0.3937 


4.331 


8.268 


12.205 


16.142 


20.079 


24.016 


27.953 


31.890 


35.S27 


2 


0.7874 


4.724 


8.661 


12.598 


16.535 


20.472 


24.409 


28.346 


32.283 


36.220 


3 


1.1811 


5.118 


9.055 


12.992 


16.929 


20.866 


24.803 


28.740 


32.677 


36.614 


4 


1.5748 


5.512 


9.449 


13.386 


17.323 


21.260 


25.197 


29.134 


33.071 


37.008 


5 


1 .9685 


5.906 


9.843 


13.780 


17.717 


21.654 


25.591 


29.528 


33.465 


37.402 


6 


2.3622 


6.299 


10.236 


14.173 


18.110 


22.047 


25.984 


29.921 


33.858 


37.795 


7 


2.7559 


6.693 


10.630 


14.567 


18.504 


22.441 


26.378 


30.315 


34.252 


38.189 


8 


3.1496 


7.087 


11.024 


14.961 


18.898 


22.K^-^ 


26.772 


30.709 


34.646 


38.583 


9 


3.5433 


7.480 


11.417 


15.354 


19.291 


23.22S 


27.165 


31.102 


35.039 


38.976 



76 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



HANDY TABLES OF EQUIVALENTS IN 
MENTS— Continued 



METRIC MEASURE- 



Conversion of Feet Into Meters 
1 foot = 0.305 meters; 1 meter = 3.281 feet 



Feet 





1 


2 


3 


4 


5 


6 


7 


8 


9 







.305 


.610 


.914 


1.219 


1.524 


1.829 


2.134 


2.438 


2.743 


10 


3.048 


3.353 


3.658 


3.962 


4.267 


4.572 


4.877 


5.182 


5.486 


5.791 


20 


6.0% 


6.401 


6.706 


7.010 


7.315 


7.620 


7.925 


8.230 


8.534 


8.839 


30 


y.l44 


9.449 


9.754 


10.058 


10.363 


10.668 


10.973 


11.278 


11.582 


11.887 


40 


12.192 


12.497 


12.802 


13.106 


13.411 


13.716 


14.021 


14.326 


14.630 


14.935 


50 


15.240 


15.545 


15.850 


16.154 


16.459 


16.764 


17.069 


17.374 


17.678 


17.983 


60 


18.288 


18.593 


18.898 


19.202 


19.507 


19.812 


20.117 


20.422 


20.726 


21.031 


70 


21.336 


21.641 


21.946 


22.250 


22.555 


22.860 


23.165 


23.470 


23.774 


24.079 


80 


24.384 


24.689 


24.994 


25.298 


25.603 


25.908 


26.213 


26.518 


26.822 


27.127 


QO 


27.432 


27.737 


28.042 


28.346 


28.651 


28.956 


29.261 


29.566 


29.870 


30.175 



Examples — 44 feet = 13.411 meters = 134. 11 decimeters = 1341.1 centi- 
meters = 13411. millimeters. 

440 feet = 134.11 meters; 46 feet 11 inches = 

446 feet = 440 f. = 134.11 m. The Conversion Table of inches 

6 f . = 1.83 m. gives for: 

11 in. = 27.94 cm. = 0.279 m. 

46 feet =14.021 m. 



446 f. = 135.94 meters 



46 ft. 11 in. 



14.300 m. 



The foot measure in foreign countries, where it is no longer used on account 
of having adopted metric measurements, or in countries where it is still used, 
is different from the English foot except in Russia, where this measure is 
still in use and identical to the English. 

The abbreviation of meter is m.; of centimeter cm.; of millimeters mm. 

Where in the English feet are given, without inches, the equivalents in 
meters with two decimals (centimeters), are sufficient in translations. 



Meters to Feet 







10 


20 


30 


40 
Feet 


50 


60 


70 


80 


90 




Feet 


Feet 


Feet 


Feet 


Feet 


Feet 


Feet 


Feet 


Feet 







32.81 


65.62 


98.43 


131.23 


164.04 


196.85 


229.66 


262.47 


295.27 


1 


3.2808 


36.09 


68.90 


101.71 


134.51 


167.32 


200.13 


232.94 


265.75 


298.55 


2 


6.5617 


39.37 


72.18 


104.99 


137.79 


170.60 


203.41 


236.22 


269.03 


301.83 


3 


9.8425 


42.65 


75.46 


108.27 


141.07 


173.88 


206.69 


239.50 


272.31 


305.11 


4 


13.1233 


45.93 


78.74 


111.55 


144.35 


177.16 


209.9? 


242.78 


275.59 


308.39 


5 


16.4042 


49.21 


82.02 


114.83 


147.63 


180.44 


213.25 


246.06 


278.87 


311.67 


6 


19.6850 


52.50 


85.31 


118.12 


150.92 


183.73 


216.54 


249.35 


282.16 


314.96 


7 


22.9658 


55.78 


88.59 


121.40 


154.20 


187.01 


219.82 


252.63 


285.44 


318.24 


8 


26.2467 


59.06 


91.87 


124.68 


157.48 


190.29 


223.10 


255.91 


288.72 


321.52 


9 


29.5275 


62.34 


95.15 


127.96 


160.76 


193.57 


226.38 


259.19 


292.00 


324.80 



77 



If there is anything that you want in the Hne of Iron and Steel 
or other Metals and Machinery, do not think we cannot supply it 
because it is not described in this hand book. Send us your 
inquiry in any language that may best suit you. Our sales de- 
partment will be glad to correspond with you m the tongue you 
prefer. 



■/S 



HIDALGO STEEL COMPANY, INC., NEW YORK 



INDEX 



A — Angles LS 

B— Billets 5 

Blooms 5 

Beams 14 

Black Sheets 24 

Barb Wire 36 

Baling Wire 34 

C — Channels 16 

Carriage Bolts 45 

Concrete Bars 46 

Cold Rolled Steel 55 

Cold Drawn Steel 55 

Carbon Tool Steel 69 

E — Extras — Steel Bars 49 

Extras — Refined Iron Bars. . 11 

Extras — Structural Shapes. . 18 

Extras— Plates 20 

Extras — Rivets 22 

Extras — Sheets 28 

Extras— Wire 77 

Extras— Wire Nails 40 

Extras — Hoops and Bands . . 48 

Extras — Strip Steel 54 

Extras— Cold Rolled Steel. . . 55 

Extras — Rails 59 

Extras — -Spikes 60 

Extras — Pipe and Tubing ... 63 

Extras — High Speed Steel ... 67 

Extras — Carbon Tool Steel . . 69 

F — Fence Wire 32 

G — Galvanized Sheets 29 

H— High Speed Steel 67 

Hoops and Bands 48 



I — Ingots 5 

M— Music Wire 32 

Metric Equivalents 76 

N— Nail Wire 32 

Nuts and Bolts 43 

P — Pipe and Tubing 62 

R— Rivets 22 

S— Semi-Finished Products 5 

Slabs 44 

Structural Steel 13 

Steel Plates 20 

Spring Wire 32 

Strip Steel 54 

Shafting 56 

Special Market Wire 31 

Spikes 60 

Steel Bars 72 

Sheet Bars 05 

T— Tin Bars 05 

Tee Bars 17 

Terne Plate 25 

Tin Plate 25 

Table of Rails per Mile 58 

Tool Steel 66 

Table for Computing Weights 

of Steel Bars 72 

U— Universal Mill Plates 17 

W — Wire and Wire Products. ... 31 

Wire Nails 37 

Wire Roi^e 41 

Z— Zee Bars 16 



H 155 



79 












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